# Ourang Medan — ship-registry and shipping-record check

All greps are reproducible from the archive.org item identifiers listed in §2. The files from the check that are kept in this folder are listed in §7.

## 1. Bottom line

* **"Ourang Medan" / "Orang Medan" / "Oerang Medan" (any spelling, incl. OCR variants) does NOT appear in any digitized Lloyd's Register volume 1938/39–1950** (15 volumes, ~113 MB of OCR text, plus the 1930–31 and 1936 Steamers volumes as controls), nor in the Lloyd's Register Wreck (Casualty) Returns 1946–1949, nor in the Dutch Marhisdata fleet database, nor in the KPM fleet list, nor in shipindex.org.
* Two real Dutch-flag vessels named **"Medan"** existed in 1947–50 and are recorded in Lloyd's Register from the 1948 edition on: (a) a 250-GRT ex-American motor trawler *Medan* (ex *Trimount*-47) owned by D.G. Gouda, IJmuiden, and (b) a 207-GRT Netherlands East Indies Government twin-screw motor lighter *Medan* (ex Australian Army MSL "M.2", built Melbourne 1945; Marhisdata "MEDAN M2", named Jan 1947). Neither is a freighter, neither was lost, and both are still in the 1950 Register. Earlier Dutch *Medan*s (KPM 1889–1904; Rotterdamsche Lloyd 1908–1930) were gone long before 1939.
* The legend's rescuer **"Silver Star" was real**: Lloyd's Register 1947 lists *Santa Juana* (ex *Silver Star*-47, ex *Santa Cecilia*-46), 6,507 GRT, C2-S-B1, built 1942 Federal S.B. & D.D. Co., Kearny NJ, official no. 242111, owner Grace Line Inc., New York. The name "Silver Star" was carried only from 1946 to (before mid-)1947; by the 1947 edition she was already *Santa Juana*. The only other ocean-going "Silverstar" in 1947–48 was the **Norwegian** *Höegh Silverstar* (5,415 GRT, 1938, Leif Höegh, Oslo), which Dutch shipping columns show on charter between Karachi/Bombay and Melbourne/Sydney in Aug–Sep 1947. The legend's other ship, *City of Baltimore*, was also a real US vessel (8,378 GRT, 1919, ex *Steadfast*, US Government-owned in 1948).
* **No casualty** in the Strait of Malacca (or anywhere) in 1947–48 involving a dead crew, an explosion, or a chemical cargo matches the story in Lloyd's Register Wreck Returns; the seven Dutch-flag total losses of 1947–48 are all identified and unrelated (§5).
* Prior investigators (Bainton 1999, Butziger 2014, Hargraves 2015) reported "no record at Lloyd's" and in Dutch archives, but on the basis of enquiries, not of a documented volume-by-volume search; our check is the first (as far as we can find) reproducible full-text search of the digitized volumes, and the first to report the two real 1947–50 "Medan"s and the Höegh Silverstar (§6).

## 2. Lloyd's Register volumes checked (reproducible)

All uploaded to archive.org by the Lloyd's Register Foundation Heritage & Education Centre; full text = the item's `*_djvu.txt` (downloaded to `lr_text/`). Leaf numbers below are the archive.org viewer page index (`https://archive.org/details/<ID>/page/n<leaf>`), obtained from the archive.org full-text page-search API (`pagesearch/`).

| Register edition | archive.org identifier | OCR text file (bytes) | Ourang/Orang Medan hits | "Medan" hits |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1930–31 Steamers (control) | Lloyd-Register-of-Shipping-1930-Steamers | ROS1930-31ST_djvu.txt (10,122,632) | 0 | 1 (entry 78344 *Medan*, the 1908 Rotterdamsche Lloyd ship, scrapped 1930) |
| 1936 Steamers (control) | HECROS1936ST | ROS1936ST Combined_djvu.txt (7,558,718) | 0 | 0 |
| 1938–39 Steamers | HECROS1939ST | 1939ST_djvu.txt (7,712,253) | 0 | 1 (leaf 1047 — OCR garbage on an advertisement page, not a vessel) |
| 1939 Sailing Vessels / <300-ton steamers / indexes | HECROS1939SV | ROS1939SV Combined_djvu.txt (6,952,666) | 0 | 0 |
| 1940 Sailing Vessels / <300-ton / indexes | HECROS1940SV | 1940SV Combined_djvu.txt (7,059,926) | 0 | 0 |
| 1941 Steamers | HECROS1941ST | 1941ST Combined_djvu.txt (7,944,121) | 0 | 0 |
| 1941 Sailing Vessels / <300-ton / indexes | ros-1941-sv | ROS1941SV_djvu.txt (6,477,814) | 0 | 0 |
| 1942 Steamers | 1942-st-combined | 1942ST combined_djvu.txt (6,988,075) | 0 | 0 |
| 1946 Sailing Vessels / <300-ton | HECROS1946SV | 1946SV Combined_djvu.txt (6,239,827) | 0 | 0 |
| 1947 Steamers (≥300 tons) | HECROS1947ST | 1947ST Combined_djvu.txt (9,018,702) | 0 | 0 |
| 1947 Sailing Vessels / <300-ton / former names | HECROS1947SV | 1947SV Combined_djvu.txt (7,364,599) | 0 | 0 |
| 1948 Steamers (≥300 tons) | HECROS1948ST | 1948ST Combined_djvu.txt (9,104,489) | 0 | 0 |
| 1948 Sailing Vessels / <300-ton / former names | HECROS1948SV | 1948SV Combined_djvu.txt (7,654,382) | 0 | 2 (entries 16002 and 17240, see §3) |
| 1948–49 Register A–L | HECROS1949AL | 1949AL Combined_djvu.txt (7,143,877) | 0 | 0 |
| 1949 Register M–Z | HECROS1949MZ | 1949MZ Combined_djvu.txt (7,861,175) | 0 | 4 (entries 67967, 95013 + index/owner lines) |
| 1950 Register A–L | HECROS1950AL | 1950AL Combined_djvu.txt (7,527,279) | 0 | 0 |
| 1950 Register M–Z | HECROS1950MZ | 1950MZ Combined_djvu.txt (7,997,928) | 0 | 4 (entries 18558, 18559 + owner-index lines) |

Search patterns (case-insensitive, `sources/search-logs/`): `ourang|oerang|orang[ -]?medan|0urang|ou rang medan`; broad OCR variants `\bO[a-z]{0,2}rang\b`, `\b0[a-z]{0,2}rang\b` (only "Orange…", "Orang Outang" [a French trawler *Vimy*'s former name] and OCR noise), `Median|Medau|Meden|Mcdan|Medaii|Medam|Medaan` (only *Medon*, *Median*, *Medanos*, "melon", "McDou-"), and `\bmedan\b`. Alphabetical-neighbourhood check: names *Ouragan*, *Ourana*, *Ourania*, *Ouro* are present in the 1947–49 volumes, so an "Ourang…" entry would have been visible between them; there is none.

OCR-quality controls (`sources/search-logs/ocr_quality_controls.txt`): every volume contains the Dutch East Indies terms "Paketvaart" (7–80 hits), "Batavia" (18–135), "Deli", "Van Heutsz", "Plancius", and "Netherland" (617–781 hits in the 1947–49 steamer volumes), so Dutch/NEI-flag ships are well represented and legible. Sensitivity check: the two vessels renamed *Medan* in 1947 are absent from the 1946–47 volumes and present from 1948 on, i.e. the Register picked up 1947 changes within a year.

**Volumes that could NOT be checked** (not on archive.org under any identifier I could find; the LR Foundation site is JavaScript-only and lists no per-year links): **1940 Steamers; 1942 Sailing Vessels; the wartime editions 1943–44, 1944–45 and 1945–46 (both volumes); 1946 Steamers.** Mitigation: a ship existing in 1940 would appear in the 1938–39 and 1941 Steamers volumes; the 1940 SV volume's shipowners' and signal-letter indexes and the 1946 SV volume were checked; a freighter afloat in 1947 would appear in the 1947 and 1948 Steamers volumes (both checked, 0 hits).

## 3. Every register hit for "Medan" (quoted register lines)

Full table with owners, tonnages and sources: `sources/register_hits_table.md`. Page images: `images/pages/`.

1. **Lloyd's Register 1948, Vol. II (Steamers & Motorships under 300 tons, Trawlers &c.), entry 16002, page headed "15989–16008"** (HECROS1948SV leaf 640; image `images/pages/HECROS1948SV_leaf0640.jpg`):
   `16002 Medan (ex Trimount-47) (Trawler) Oil Eng. | 250 / 200 / 87 | 1928 Bethlehem S.B. Corp. Ld. Quincy, Mass. | D.G. Gouda | 115.4 | 23.1 | 11.6 | Ymuiden, Netherland | Oil Engines 4S.C.SA 6Cy. 15"–19" NE41 Atlas-Imperial Diesel Eng. Co. Oakland, Cal.` (signal letters PFWQ, E.S.D.). Same page, entry 16000: `Batavia (ex Shawmut-47) (Trawler) 235 GRT, 1928 Bethlehem, D.G. Gouda, Ymuiden` — the same owner bought a pair of ex-US-Navy 1928 Quincy trawlers in 1947 and named them *Batavia* and *Medan*. Repeated as entry 67967 in 1949 M–Z (leaf 133) and entry 18558 in 1950 M–Z (leaf 109): `18558 Medan (ex Trimount-47) 250 1928 Bethlehem D.G. Gouda 115.4|23.1|11.6 Ymuiden … NE41`.
2. **Lloyd's Register 1948, Vol. II, entry 17240, page headed "17233–249"** (HECROS1948SV leaf 772; image `images/pages/HECROS1948SV_leaf0772.jpg`):
   `17240 Medan Twin Sc. Oil Eng. Mchy. Aft | 207 / — / 103 | 1945 ………… Melbourne | Netherlands East Indies Government | 116.1 | 23.2 | 7.9 | Batavia, Netherland | Oil Engines 2S.C.SA 12Cy. Ruston & Hornsby, Ld. Lcn.` Sister *Monokwari* (17241) identical. Repeated as 95013 in 1949 M–Z (leaf 861: `95013 Medan TwinSc 207 1945 … Netherlands East Indies Government … 12Cy.`) and 18559 in 1950 M–Z (leaf 109: `Medan TwinSc 207 1945 … Netherlands Indies Government … Batavia`), and in the 1950 owners' index as `m. Medan (Tw. Sc.) … 207 (Havenwezen)`.
   Marhisdata (schip&id=18019, "MEDAN M2"): built 1945 by Johnstons Tyne Foundry, Melbourne, as Australian Army Motor Store Lighter; 207 GRT / 103 NRT / 200 dwt; 36.58 m; two 6-cyl. Ruston & Hornsby diesels; Dienst van Scheepvaart, Batavia, callsign PKCV, named MEDAN M2 Jan 1947; transferred 1 Aug 1949 to the Gouvernements Marine as buoy tender; probably Indonesian flag end 1949; struck 1951, later history unknown.
3. **Lloyd's Register 1930–31 Steamers, entry 78344 "Medan"** (item Lloyd-Register-of-Shipping-1930-Steamers) = the Rotterdamsche Lloyd steamer *Medan* (5,933 GRT, 1908 Wm Hamilton, Port Glasgow; Marhisdata schip&id=4172): sold for scrap 24 Jun 1930, delivered Kobe 18 Jul 1930, broken up there — hence absent from 1936 onward.
4. **KPM *Medan* (1889)** (843 GRT; Stoomvaart Mij. "Deli" 1889, KPM Nov 1892; Marhisdata schip&id=8713; TheShipsList KPM list): sold Nov 1904 to K. Ishigaki, Hakodate, renamed *Ikutama Maru*, scrapped Japan 1927. The KPM list (`kpm_theshipslist_wayback.txt`, 2,444 lines) has no other Medan/Orang/Ourang, and the 1889 *J. Nienhuys* is the only other ex-Deli ship. No KPM ship was lost in 1947–48 by explosion; KPM's *Melchior Treub* (1912) was broken up in 1948 (Wreck Returns).
5. Marhisdata "contains Medan" (POST form `zoeken&s=schip`, `marhisdata_Medan_contains.html`): only CALTEX MEDAN (tanker 1955), MEDAN 1908, MEDAN 1889, MEDAN M2 1945. "Ourang" and "Oerang": 0 rows. "Orang": only Fort Orange, Sweet Orange, Orange Frost/Ice/Klipper/Strait/Stream (no Malay "Orang").
6. shipindex.org: `/ships/medan` = 6 citations, all to the 1908 and 1889 ships; `/ships/ourang_medan` and `/ships/orang_medan` = no such ship page (site falls through to the home page); `/ships/silver_star` = 171 citations.

No vessel of any flag named "Ourang", "Orang Medan", "Oerang", "Man of Medan" or the like exists in any of these sources; the only "Orang…" name in Lloyd's is the French trawler former name *Orang Outang* (1947/48 former-names index, now *Vimy*).

## 4. "Silver Star" / "Silverstar" ships in 1947–48

| Vessel | Facts from the registers |
|---|---|
| **Silver Star → Santa Juana** (US) | LR 1947 Steamers, entry 88972 (leaf 1406): `Silver Star (see Santa Juana) 242111`. Entry 89171 (leaf 1407, image `images/pages/HECROS1947ST_leaf1407.jpg`): `Santa Juana (ex Silver Star-47, ex Santa Cecilia-46) | 6507 / 3733 | 1942 Federal S.B. & D.D. Co., Kearny, N.J. | Grace Line Inc. | 439.0 | 63.1 | 27.5 | New York, Utd. States | 2 steam turbines DR geared to 1 sc. shaft, De Laval` (ON 242111, signal KGGZ, 3 decks, refrigerated, electrically welded). Repeated in LR 1948 ST entry 32795 (leaf 959), 1949 M–Z 74256 (leaf 499), 1950 M–Z 25008 (leaf 489); LR 1948 Vol. II former-names index (leaf 1010): `Santa Cecilia … 6507 — s. Silver Star`. Federal Kearny hull list (shipbuildinghistory.com): hull 233, MC hull 189, ON 242111, C2-S-B1, delivered Aug 1942 as *Santa Cecilia*; "Later Silver Star 1946, Santa Juana 1947, scrapped 1970" (other sources 1971). The renaming to *Silver Star* in 1946 coincided with Grace Line taking delivery of a new, larger *Santa Cecilia* (8,297 GRT, 1946, North Carolina S.B.; LR 1947 entry 82018), i.e. the old name was freed; 1946–47 the ship was US Maritime Commission property. Because the 1947 Register (compiled to mid-1947) already shows *Santa Juana (ex Silver Star-47)*, the ship can only have been "Silver Star" until roughly the first half of 1947. An event in **February 1948** (Gaddis's date) is impossible for a ship of that name; **June 1947** is at the edge. No newspaper, register or Grace Line source found places her in the Strait of Malacca; Bainton reported that Grace Line never answered requests for her log. Dutch newspapers (Delpher, all titles) contain **zero** mentions of "Silver Star", "Santa Juana" or "Santa Cecilia" in 1946–48. |
| **Höegh Silverstar** (Norwegian) | LR 1947 ST entry 75195 (leaf 520) / LR 1948 ST 25676 (leaf 517): `Hoegh Silverstar | 5415 | 1938 Akt. Burmeister & Wain, Copenhagen | Skibs-A/S Abaco (Leif Höegh & Co.), Oslo | 442.0 | 58.4 | 25.4 | Oslo, Norwegian | oil engines 2S.C.DA`. Pre-war she ran Höegh's Far East liner service (Persian Gulf–India–Java–Sumatra–Malaya–Philippines–US west coast; warsailors.com). 1947 movements from Dutch shipping columns (Delpher, `delpher/*.txt`): 2 Aug 1947 sailed Karachi for Rotterdam; 8 Aug at Cochin "(charter) Karachi–Rotterdam"; 28 Aug "expected at Rotterdam from British India, Sept."; 2 Sep 1947 "(charter) arrived Melbourne from Bombay"; 15 Sep sailed Melbourne for Sydney. She was therefore a Norwegian motor ship trading India–Australia (under charter) in the second half of 1947 — not American and not recorded near Malacca, but the only other "Silverstar" that could have been in Asian waters. Sold 1954, renamed *Alca*, lost 1963. |
| **Silver Star Park → Santa Cecilia** (Brazilian) | Canadian Park freighter 7,243 GRT, 1943; renamed *Santa Cecilia* 1945 for the Brazilian Government (LR 1947 ST; 1948 SV leaf 1013). Some websites (e.g. yacht.de) conflate this ship with the Grace Line one; they are different ships. |
| *Silver Star Fishing Co. Ld.*, Aberdeen | Trawler owner (steam trawlers *Semnos*, *Star of the North*); not a ship. |
| **Silver Line Ltd** (British) | Wikipedia fleet list: no vessel ever named *Silverstar* (names were Silver + tree/bird). |
| **City of Baltimore** (US) | LR 1938–39 ST entry 2302: `City of Baltimore (P) 8378, 1919 Bethlehem, Baltimore Mail [S.S. Co.], Baltimore`. LR 1948 ST entry 21630 (leaf 258): `City of Baltimore (ex Steadfast) 8378, 1919 Bethlehem, owner "United States", Baltimore, 2 steam turbines DR geared`, ON 217921; 1948 Vol. II former-names index: `Steadfast 8378 — s. City of Baltimore`. So a US-Government-owned *City of Baltimore* existed in 1947–48 (not in the 1947 volume under that name; presumably listed as *Steadfast*). |

Not checkable here: *Merchant Vessels of the United States* 1947 and 1948 (HathiTrust is behind a Cloudflare challenge; the archive.org MVUS 1946 item `merchantvesselso0000vari_n9e6` is lending-restricted — HTTP 401/403; Google Books API quota exhausted); Singapore NewspaperSG shipping columns (JS challenge, HTTP 202/empty); Trove (API key needed); Miramar (paywall). Lloyd's Register, which lists US ships with official numbers, substitutes for MVUS on identity, but not on 1946–47 movements.

## 5. Casualty / wreck records

* **Lloyd's Register Wreck Returns** ("Returns of Ships Totally Lost, Broken Up, &c.", quarterly, all ships ≥100 GRT world-wide), archive.org item **HECCR1890** (files `1946_djvu.txt` … `1949_djvu.txt`, all four quarters of each year present; saved as `sources/search-logs/CasualtyReturns_1946_djvu.txt` … `CasualtyReturns_1949_djvu.txt`): no *Medan*, *Ourang*, *Orang*; no loss in the Strait of Malacca, Sumatra or Singapore waters in 1947 except: 1947 Q1 the ex-*Empire* tug/lighter *Grassland* (683 GRT) "broke from tow" near Singapore; 31 Dec 1948 the Dominican-flag *Kiang Peng* (167 GRT, Singapore–Pekan Baroe, foodstuffs & textiles) "sunk by aircraft 1 mile off Pekan Baroe, N.E. Sumatra". Dutch-flag ("Hol.") total losses: **1947** *Brastagi* ('37, 9,246 GRT, Rotterdamsche Lloyd, Seattle–Calcutta, destroyed by fire while stranded), *Holland* ('35, 199 GRT, Sarpsborg–Rotterdam, sulphur), *Uiver* ('02, 200 GRT trawler, North Sea, 7 Nov); **1948** *Amstelstroom* ('36, 395 GRT, Lundy Island), *Kralendijk* ('41, 195 GRT, Curaçao–St Kitts, sprang leak), *Melchior Treub* ('12, 3,242 GRT, KPM, broken up), *Aik* ('33, 200 GRT, off Jungfrun, Sweden). All "explosion" entries of 1947–48 (`sources/search-logs/explosion_entries_1947_1948.txt`): Genoa petrol fire (Feb 1947), Texas City (Apr 1947, two ships), Wilmington Cal., Brest Roads (nitrate, Jul 1947), lat. 10°53'N/61°47'W (Jul 1947), *Skoghaug* off Holland (Dec 1947), Grindavik, Sydney N.S. and Campana (1948). None involves a Dutch freighter, a chemical cargo in Asian waters, or a crew found dead.
* **Wikipedia "List of shipwrecks in 1947 / 1948"**: only the British coaster *Empire Passmore* (mined off Horsburgh Light, Singapore, 15 Apr 1947, repaired) and the Dutch tug *Soegio* (mined, Macassar Strait, 12 Feb 1948).
* **Delpher (Dutch newspapers) casualty searches 1947–48**: "Straat Malakka" + ontploffing / gezonken / bemanning dood, and cyaankali / kaliumcyanide / nitroglycerine + schip: no real casualty; the only chemical-cargo hits are the *De Locomotief* Ourang Medan serial itself (13 Mar 1948, "De lading", "zwavelzuur"). "Ourang Medan" before 1947: 0 hits.
* **wrecksite.eu**: search is behind an ASP.NET challenge page (HTTP 411 on POST, no results on GET variants); a web `site:wrecksite.eu Medan` search returns nothing relevant. **Not verifiable here.**
* Dutch *Scheepvaartinspectie* annual reports and the *Nederlandsche Koopvaardijvloot* printed registers for 1947–48 are not online (Delpher's book/journal SRU collections returned "General system error"); Marhisdata (§3) is the standard compilation of the Dutch merchant fleet and is used as the proxy.
* ITU/Bern "List of Ship Stations": only the 1960+ editions are in the UN Digital Library; the 1947–48 editions were not found online. Lloyd's own signal-letter lists (in the SV volumes checked) contain no Ourang Medan; the trawler *Medan* has call sign PFWQ, the NEI *Medan* PKCV.

Side finding for the newspaper team (from the Delpher SRU API, `delpher_*.xml`): the earliest 1948 Dutch print appearance is not *De Locomotief* (3 Feb 1948) but the **Leekster courant, 24 Jan 1948**, "Mysterie, dat de zee nimmer zal prijsgeven", explicitly reprinting a reporter of *Elsevier's Weekblad*; that text places the event "midden Juni 1947 ongeveer 400 zeemijlen Zuidoostelijk van de Marshall eilanden" — the **central Pacific, not the Strait of Malacca** — and the *De West* (Paramaribo) item of **16 Apr 1948**, "Schip vergaan", reports as news a radio bulletin that "het Nederlandse motorschip 'Orang Medan'" sank "in de Stille Oceaan" after an explosion with 22 aboard (Dutch officers, Indonesian crew). *Amigoe di Curaçao* 7 Jan 1955 ("Panorama") already gives the cargo as cyaankali. Because the Wreck Returns are world-wide, the shifting location does not affect the negative casualty result.

## 6. What prior investigators established (and what is new)

* **Roy Bainton**, "A Cargo of Death", *Fortean Times* 126 (Sept 1999) and his later web writing (roybainton.com 2017): found nothing in "Lloyd's Shipping Registers", Hocking's *Dictionary of Disasters at Sea 1824–1962*, the Dutch shipping records / Maritime Museum in Amsterdam (a trip paid by *Saga* magazine — "the archives yielded nothing"), or the Maritime Authority in Singapore; Grace Lines, New York, never answered requests for the *Silver Star*'s crew list and log; secondary summaries add the UK Admiralty, the Registrar of Shipping and Seamen and the National Maritime Museum. He credited Prof. Theodor Siersdorfer (Essen) and Otto Mielke's 1954 booklet *Das Totenschiff in der Südsee* for the Silver Star identification, and in 2017 conceded the story is "a worn-out threadbare hoax". His account is of enquiries answered negatively, not of a documented search of specific volumes.
* **Alexander Butziger**, *The Ourang Medan: Conjuring a Ghost Ship* (2014) and his 2013 Bermuda Triangle Central posts: established the Silver Star name chain from TheShipsList's Grace Line page (Santa Cecilia 1942 → Silver Star 1946 → Santa Juana 1947 → scrapped 1971) and found the 1940 *Il Piccolo* (Trieste, 16 Oct 1940, Silvio Scherli) and *Sept-Jours* (29 Dec 1940; 7 Sep 1941) articles, dating the "incident" to 13 Nov 1939; he states "there are no records at Lloyd's or otherwise".
* **Estelle Hargraves** (Skittish Library, 2015): the AP-sourced *Yorkshire Evening Post* (21 Nov 1940) and *Daily Mirror* (22 Nov 1940) reports ("south-east of the Solomon Islands", no rescue ship named); notes only that "there is no official registration".
* **Wikipedia** summarises the same: no entry in Lloyd's, no registration in the Netherlands or elsewhere; Silver Star's logs show no rescue.
* **What our check adds**: (i) a reproducible, volume-by-volume full-text search of the LR Foundation's digitized Register Books 1938/39–1950 (17 volumes incl. controls) and of the Wreck Returns 1946–49, with page images; (ii) the discovery that two real Dutch-flag "Medan"s (a trawler at IJmuiden and an NEI government lighter, both named in 1947) enter the Register in 1948 — a potential source of confusion for anyone who searched only for "Medan", and proof that the Register was recording NEI small craft in 1948; (iii) the Marhisdata and KPM confirmations that no Dutch or NEI "Orang/Ourang Medan" ever existed; (iv) the Norwegian *Höegh Silverstar* as the only other "Silverstar" plausibly in Asian waters in 1947; (v) the *Leekster courant* (24 Jan 1948) and *De West* (16 Apr 1948) items.

## 7. Files saved during the check

Of these, the grep outputs and the Wreck Returns texts and extracts are in `sources/search-logs/`, the page images in `images/pages/`, the hit table and the file inventory in `sources/`, and the download script as `code/registry_dl.sh`; the other downloads (Lloyd's Register OCR texts, archive.org search results, Marhisdata, KPM, shipindex and Delpher pages) are working copies not included in this folder.

* `lr_text/` — 17 Lloyd's Register OCR texts (see §2); `lr_volumes.tsv`, `dl.sh`, `dl.log`, `ia_item_servers.txt`, `ia_lloyds_*.json` (archive.org searches).
* `grep_out/` — `grep_ourang_all_volumes.txt` (0 hits), `medan_counts.txt`, `medan_hits_context.txt`, `fuzzy_variants.txt`, `ocr_quality_controls.txt`, `silverstar_hits.txt`, `medan_1930_1936.txt`.
* `pagesearch/` — archive.org page-search API results with leaf numbers (`pagesearch_results.json`, `phrase_exact_leaves.json`, `silverstar_leaves.json`).
* `pages/` — 12 page images (JPEG) of the *Medan*, *Santa Juana/Silver Star*, *City of Baltimore* entries.
* `casualty/` — Wreck Returns 1946–49 OCR texts, `HECCR1890_files.txt` (index of the 111 annual files), `explosion_entries_1947_1948.txt`, `dutch_entries_1947_1948.txt`, `dutch_regional_entries_1947_1948.txt`, `casualty_flags_quarters.txt`, `casualty_grep.txt`.
* `marhisdata_*.html` — search results and ship pages (ids 8713, 4172, 18019); `kpm_theshipslist_wayback.{html,txt}` — KPM fleet list; `shipindex_*.html`; `federal_kearny.html` (Federal Kearny hull list); `warsailors_hoeghsilverstar.html`.
* `delpher/` — OCR of the *Leekster courant*, *De West*, *Amigoe* items and eight Aug–Sep 1947 shipping columns; `delpher_*.xml` and `delpher/sru_*.xml` — SRU result sets.
* `register_hits_table.md` — the hit table; `file_inventory.txt`; `mvus/MVUS_1946_download_FAILED_401.html` (evidence of the restricted download).