FRE'ONT WEEKLY JOURNAL
rCIiUSKED EVEEY FRIDAY,
BY A. II- DALSLEY-
Citta-iii ?.:tisin?iii ItbVck made Qsrtsrlj
T
TEK1I3 OF THE JOURNAL:
Una tbiut. in advance. $2,00
Six mouths,
1,00
Three moat
IVERT VARISTT OT
JOB PRINTING
NEATLY AND QUICKLY BO.
B usineir li re ct o r y
X LllOtOW. A. B. FB5NCH.
LEM1ION FRENCH,
TTORNEY8 AT LAW AND GESEBAL
A AGtNTS, CLVDE.OHIO.
Mr. Lemmen will be ta his offlse at Tremont, on
Thuralay of wch week. Prompt attention given
to U legal business.
J. T. GARTER,
ATTOBKEY AT LAW, Fremont, Ohio, offers
hi, professional services to ail requiring lefal
bu4inn done in any of the Court, ol bandusky
cCn-iUau .tend w the collection o oaim.
Gmc. in Tyler's Block, on urugnan street.
HIJU.X W. WIN'SLOW. JOSEPH BiBTLKTT.
WINSLOW EARTLETT,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW, White'i .Block,. orner
of Front and Croghn streets. Prompt atten
tiouiriventotheooUecoonof daims and all Dual
Ben pertaining to the general law practice.
Fremont, August 15, 1B70.
J. L. GREENE, Sh.
a TTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW,
A will atAna to Letral Basin in Sandua-
kyand djoinin?eountiee .Oihce.iorner Room ,up-
.tairs.Tyler's Block,
FREMONT, O.
B.P.BTTOIXaKD. H.EVKBKTT. J AS. H. FOWXEB
BUCEXAND, EVERETT FOWLER,
ATTORNEYS COUNSELLORS AT LAW
and oob.iton in Chancery; will attend to pro
.Mional busies in SaDiluskvandaujoiningeoun
iM Oice,secondstory, Bueluand'eAew Block
D-H. BRINKERHOFF, M.D
PHYSICIAN SURGEON,
OFFICE IN BUCKLAND'8 OLD BLOCK,
on tfront St. Residence on Croyhan Street,
eond honewetof HurhSchoolbmlding. Odice
hoars from lOto U A. M..1 to 4 ana 7 to P -M,
H. F. BOSWORTH, II. D.
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON-Ofllee and
Rssidenoe No. Front street,
FREMONT, O.
DR. A. F. PRICE,
SURGICAL M ECHANICA1 DENTIST, Of
fice oyer Bank of r'remont, White'eblook.will
be found inhisomoe.at all times.
VETERINARY.
DR. GEO. O. HARLAN,
VETERINARY 6ER0EON, Fremont, Ohio,
office at Bunklaad Son's Drug Store. Is a
graduate of the Philadelphia Velennary College,
Sad is prepared to treat all animals intelligently
and humanely. "r1
noxsiis.
KfiSSLEH HOUSE,
B .B ELDING, Propneior. Passengers carried
to and from the House free of charge Bitu
a ted o orner of Front and State SU.
FREMONT.
EXCHANGE HOTEL,
BBLLEVUE, O. John Ford, Proprietor,
aentiy refitted and f unuahad.
Re-
OOMMISSION MERCHANTS.
L. Q. Rawton, J as. Moore, Joseph L. Bawson
J.L.RAWSON A 00.,
riTORAOS. FORWARDING A COMMISSION
O Merchants, Dealers in Coarse Salt, Fine Salt,
Bury Salt, Land Piaster, Calcined Plaster, Water
Lime, .to. Having; purchased the entire property
known as the Fremont Warehouse and Steam Ele.
Tatora, at the head of navigation on the Sandusky
Uiver, we are prepared so receive, iwn uiu amp
(rrain, Lumber, Merchandise and other produce.
Omoe, at Fremont Elevator.
FREMONT. 1-1
rziozoais-APnsxi
A. D. WILES'
PHOTOGRAPH GATXEBY.overGarvin's Store
FREMONT.
MISCELLANEOUS
FOSTER DECK,
OarpenteiB, Joiners and Builders,
FREMONT, OHIO. -Does
all kinds of Contract Building, and all man
ner of Jobbing Work. Shop on corner of Wayne
and Ewing streets. Moving and Raising of Build
ings, and ail kinds of Tackle work specially at
tended to. Orders solicited. loyl
0
BLACKSMITH SHOP!
BEVOLCTIOS IN PRICES!
J. COOKSON CO.
Have opened a New Blacksmith Shop on the cor
ner of State and Justice streets, where they are
ready to do HORSE SHOnlMG in the most
satisfactory manner, and at reduced pri -es. Give
themaoalL 6-31
D. L. Juno tk. Son.
Mannfactoreri.WholesaW A Retail Dealest in
FREMONT
WHITK LIME
DUILDINC STONE!
All orders promptly filled.
Omoe near lake Shore Depot, Fremont, Ohio.
9" Are also prepared to do all kinds of Mason
Woxk on short notice.
MEAT MARKET-
0. STATE STREET.
A LUHRS takes pleasure in
invitiiig the public to call at his
stand on State Street, in
Frentzel's Block,
wnen tney want fine otkaks or xclleitt
Boasts. Tht best quality of
BEEF, PORK MUTTOS ud VEAL,
can be found on his oounter, and the public will
be served always at
REASONABLE PRICES,
CALL AND TBI HE.
4( A. LUHR8."
E. F. H AFFORD.
CARRIAGE
Pactory.
Corner Flout
and MarketS tree ts.
CARRIAGE8, OPEN AND TOP BUGGIES con
stantly on hand, or made to order in any style.
yParieular attention paid to repairing. All
work dons at my factory warranted.
yl E. F. HAFFOBD.
J. P. MOORE,
MANUFACTURER OF
CiRRIAGESUGGIES &WAG0XS
IDEBIRE to call the attention of all to the ad
ditions I have recently made to my
CARRIAGE F ACTOR V.
I have so enlarged and remodled my shop, as to
.luDnaiita facilities for ex
ecuting, in a superior manner.every description of
damages anu n
reliable and competent. All material is selected
with special care, and throughly seasoued before it
....(uurl. Mv aim ia to furnish work
which shall nave a merited repntation for superior
quality and style. I have litter up a large store
room and shall keep always on hand,
Ewery variety of Carriages, Buff,
(lea, Lumber, Spring and
Idarket Wagon
With these newly acquired facilitiesmy prices will
b. below oompeon. j.p.noORE,
Carriage Factors.cor., Garrison and Water Bts
Fremont, umo, v
PATENTS.
nunTTdlul ASD ATTORNEYS FOE
U.S.AKDF03EI3HPATEMTS.
BURBIDGH &CO
18T Smper'O' St., oppoaite Ai
meri-
caa v-w,
wltv Associated Offices in Washington and For
.ivanoiuitries.
7 I
STILS02T,LEEEt D0ERING3,
XUP0BTKB6AND JOBBEBSOF
YANKEE NOTIONS,
Toys Jancy pooDs,
NO. 133 and 135 Water St.,
CLEVELAND, OHIO.
HO! FOR THE WEST!!
TlillOlGII TICKETS
rotutnuinnra ronrs in Indiana. Illinois.
Jyl Qffie U BircbAri'. Bloc, i wmoat, 0.
y4
nni
ill
Established 1829. Vol.XL.II.
T7
.reinoii'
FREMONT, SANDUSKY
COUNTY, OHIO; FRIDAY, DECEMBER 15, 1871.
n
ourna.
9$
ii
New Series, Vol. XIX. No. CO-
CSf TU JCL JSI
MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE CO., NEW YORK.
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W. H. PEC KHAN, President.
HOOD, LANG, HAND MUNGER, General Agents for Ohio,
Headquarters, 19( superior street, Cleveland, Ohio.
DRS. RICE, Medical Examine.
Something Worth Knowing!
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V
'Jit:-,; Wjy
It
Which for Style, Workmanship, Durability and Prices cannot be surpassed,
At the C!d Reliable Sfaud cf A. IIOOT,
JVo. 3 BucklumTs Xeio Block, Front Street.
UD JL XL
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ST
W. T HOOKER, Secretary.
61-51
1 1ATE8T
AND
WINTER
"t Si nr tit I" Vl
Q0008
1 Xi.to'
NEW GOODS
A. T
HEAD QUARTERS
We are now. opening a very large
and full stock of
FALL VVIHTER
GOODS!
AND AT VERY LOW PRICES!
Oar Stock of DRESS GOODS is
large, embracing many Beauti
ful Designs.
EMPRESS CLOTHS,
FRENCH MERINOS,
PLAIDS, SATTEENS,
JAPANESE SILKS,
BLACK AND FANCY SILKS, kc,
ALE AT BEDIXED PRICES!
SHAWLS in Great Variety, to
which we in nte your
special attention.
Our Stock of
FLANNELS,
CASSIMERS,
WATERPROOFS,
BLANKETS,
WHITE GOODS,
HOSIERY, fec,
Is lar-Te and at the Bottom Price.
We have a full and large stock of
DOMESTICS!
All Leading Brands of
Prints,
Brown and Bleached Cottons,
Striped Shirtings,
Denims, Tickings,
Cotton Flannels,
Checks,
Linseys.&c,
On all of which we defy Competition
We have also a very large line of
O JSl. 3R. SP 33 3
At Very Low Prices!
CASH PAID Wheat,
Corn, Oats, Wool, and all kinds of
Produce. D. GARVIN CO.
Fremont, G.aSept.27, 1871.
F It E JH O X T
NURSBEYl
ESTABLISHED IKT 1858.
SPLEXDID STOCK OF TKEES ON HAXD
Thirteen years experience in the nuretry busi
ness here enscies me uj m,t-v .u u
Ornamental Trees, bhrnbs, ines ic., as are es-
IectaUy aaaptea w fcui. i
ofmnch interest to planters. The trees now of
fered to the public are new, grown on new ground.
Prices low. Call and lee me at my new stand, on
Buekland Avsnus. J
Fiemaut, Ofb, 18 JO, rm
I. Ifl. ICEELER'S
AGENCY.
2d Story Buckland's Old Block.
FREMONT, OHIO
RELIABLE INSURANCE
In companies that have a
Large Surplus after
paying all losses in
the Chicago Fire.
BUSINESS SOLICITED.
Fire and Life Iniarance,
Real Estate.
Notary Public,
Collections Male,
Taxes Paid in Sandusky County,
Anchor Line of Trans-Atlantic Steam
Packet Ship.
General Information Given by Letter.
Persons at a distance desiring anv information
trom this point can addresscommunicationsto me.
If the subject does not require much time and at
tention, a few postage stamps inclosed wUl be suf
ficient remuneration. "Where moretimeand labor
are required a reasonable compensation will be
charged;
Resident of Fremont, Sir.ceiQ.
BEFEBSxezs: P. 8. White.BankFremont,
A. H.Miller, First NationsBank,
R.P.Buckland.
Any person in the city of Fremont or county of
Sandusky, wanting Insurance, either Life or Fire,
will find it their advantage to call on me. I have
a line of companies unsurpassed. W ith a policy
signed by me your insurance is as certain as a
United btales boud.
foliciescarefully written on all descriptions oi
property, and incase of loss payment promptly
made from this omce.
FOR RENT.
FOR RENT A first-class Store
Room, one ot the most desirable in the city,
either for Dry Goods or Groceries, inquire of
I. M. KRLR.
FOR SALE.
LOR SALE. Three lots 20 by 82
X frontingonOroghnLjtreetjSuitableforytoreB.
iiOR SALE. In the village of
X? Norwalk,oa Main Street, one mile east from
tUti Court iioust. beven (7) acres of land, in high
jUte of cultivation. House, Barn, btaeda and
idenneryWellaud Cistern. A flue Orchard with
ill kinds of Fruit, Berries, Grapes, Ac, Bandy
cioil. Just the place for a (iardener, with ready
market for all one oanraise. Price,! 5, 000. Terms
CrO suit purchaser.
VALUABLE FARM
THE farm fermerly owned by Mor
gan Uaynes, lying in Sandusky township,
fciat aide ot tae river, hail a mile north of the cor
poration line ol the city of Fremont, u ottered tor
aie on most reasonable terms. It oonsisia of 120
acres, 80 ui which is under good cultivation, and
ail uuuer fence. Tnere is a good frame dwelling
and barn, with on t-buil dings, good young orchard
ol all kiudb ol fruit, and good water. Tnu farm is
beautifully located, and being just outside the
cny limiUi, it would be well adapted for gardening
aiiu fruit raising tor city marketing. "W ill be sold
on reasun&u.e Urms; 1,000 cash on purchase, and
Uie oaianceon time, tau on x. JkU ,L-irff,tt.
August 10,1671.
Choice Lauds at Great Bargains.
or ACRES in section 9, tomship
O Vj 6, Lucas county. It is desirable, well tim
bered, aau lies one miie irom w nitenouse station.
on the 1 oledo and Wabash K. K, Is worth $25
per acre, but $17 per acre will buy it.
'4
4t ACRES in Madison township,
-mJ Sandusky county, being the N. E. k of the
i. k ot secuon HI. XhiB tract is partly cleared.
good soil, can easily be made as fine a farm as any
in Mauison townsmp. it is cueap at fid per acre,
but $iti per acr will buy it.
on ACKES in section 25, township
Ov 28, range 2, White county, Indiana, 3 miles
troin Idavilie, on the railroad, about 10 mile f torn
iklonticelio, the county-seat, part timber, part
prairie, nne roiling land. $10 per acre wiUtmy
this excellent body of land.
Any person wanting to purchase either of these
tracts ot land can make a first-class bargain by
calling on me. Terms of payment reasonable.
July 27, 1671. I. M. KEELEB.
LADIES
SHOULD NOT FAIL TO VISIT
THE MILLINERY STORE OF
MISS II. L. THOMPSON,
ON FRONT STBEET,
Opjbsite Tschumy Doncyson's Furniture
Ware Booms,
Where they will find the Largest Assortment of
FALL MILLINERY
To be found in the city. Tht most
FASHIONABLE COODS
ARE ALWAYS POUND HERE.
5'Jtf iTIISS 71. L, THOMPSON,
l TURN THE
ONLY AN ADVERTISEMENT," for it contains matter that
13 important to you. It informs 3-ou of the fact that
mm s D w Md Hj m-cd jan
Has just opened a splendid line of GOODS FOR THE HOLIDAYS,
and you cannot afford to buy presents for wife, children and friends
without first calling on him as St. Nicholas still holds his headquarters
at his establishment
If any body says he has a better stock than I have, don't you believe
him. If any body says they sell cheaper, don't you believe it. It can't
be did! I have a stock that for Variety, Fine Quality and Heal Merit
CANNOT BE EXCELLED, and the man is not in Fremont or Northern
Ohio, that can or will tell cheaper
ALL MY STOCK.)
I have just received the fifth
which cannot fail to please any one
ask to see them. We have not a very good place to show them, but we
will be very glad to show them as well as circumstances will admit, free
of charge; and we, can frame them in any style yoa chose, promptly.
Don't forget to look at them when you call.
And, father, if you want to make
or, young man, if you want' to find something for you knoto who just
get a beautiful Writing Desk, or Work Box, or Pair of Vases, or a Jewel
Case, or Toilet Set, or Photograph Album, or a Beautiful Book; and,
speaking of PHOTOGRAPH ALBUMS, I have got one hundred and
forty, Beautiful, Elegant, Musical, Cheap; and if the daughter don't bless
you, or the other one think more of
And, if the young lady wishes to
smoke and you are willing he should)
or Cigar Case; or, if not that a fine Pocket Book or Bihle, or Prayer Book,
or other Book, or a Gold Pen to constantly remind him of the giver.
But I cannot stop to tell you of
each one might buy for the other one
as long as Charley Dillon's, and then
got enough to suit all
DOLLS DOLLS Wax Dolls,
Dolls Sleeping Dolls, Rubber Dolls,
Heads, Doll Cradles, Doll Bedsteads, Doll Bureaus, Doil Chairs, Doll
Houses, Doll Wagons, Doll Bodies, Doll Arms everything pertaining to
Dolls.
And the boys have not been forgotten, for we have Tops, Guns, Whips,
Horns, Trumpets, Carts, Sleds, fec, tor the little ones, and Books, &c, &c.,
for the older ones; and Guns, and Checkers, and Backgammon Boards,
and Cannons, and Pistols, and Pianos, and Harmonicons, and Accordeons,
Banks, Bells, Rattles, China and Pewter Tea Sets, Fancy Boxes, Noah's
Arks, Mugs, Tumblers, Baskets, Buckets, Alphabet Bleaks, Soldiers,
Dancing Jims and Dancing Jacks, and almost everything useful, orna
mental and amusing. Also a beautiful collection of Shells and Corals.
Call at McCrjIiIsOCH'S for Supplies for Sunday School and
Christmas Trees, and he will try and supply every want.
-:o:-
PAPER OVER AND SAY "IT'S
than I do! (THIS APPLIES TO
lot cf FINE CHR0M0S this season,
who has an eye for the beautiful. Just
your daughter a beautiful present;
you, then I am mistaken.
make him a present, why, (if he will
get him a beautiful Smoking Set
all the fine things I have, or what
it would make this advertisement
you would not read it but I have
1
China Dolls, Crying Dolls, Walking
Leather Dolls, "-Nankin Dolls, Doll
I
Poetry
From the Galaxy Magazine.
DEATH IN TWO FORMS.
BY JULIA WARD HOWE.
I.
Bring out the old cordials, my gruel to make.
Bring out the old linen, for decency's sake.
Call in the old doctor who saw us all born,
As the star of the eve is the star of the morn.
Call in the old housekeeper -she will remem
ber How others have passed in this desolate
chamber.
How dreary it's gildiug and draperies turn
When vital flames flicker, refusing to burn.
And call the old parson, whose soft' jogging
creed
Bade us fling to the poor what ourselves might
not need,
Bade us look to the cross in ur vanity's
crown,
Said our prayers might goup, while our living
weut uown.
And call the old sexton, the old work to do.
Let him order my comn,all polished and new.
Ere I m cold, let him come whith his me&sur
ing tape;
Even coffins have fashions in trimming and
shape.
And call old acquaintance, where church Bhall
condole,
On the ground that this body ence harbored a
SOUL
Ope th. family vault, and record on the stone
As twenty-nine flitted, so thirty have gone."
II.
She was walking, walking through the
meadows,
Fashion could not find her;
Like a torch-flime gleaming under shadows,
Darkness could not blind her.
She was flinging gifts of preoious giving,
Tassiou could not pay her,
Praises of her faultless living
One small step delay her.
A rainbow gleam, a zephyr blowing;
Thought nor word could measure
The beauty of her onward going,
The richness of her treasure.
Strange seemed she iu her frequent passing,
Scarcely melancholy;
louuent will and power massing
Iu a world of folly.
And this same treasure that she bor.
Life'soccasion cost her;
For in her haste to pay it o'er,
We who loved her lost her.
Miscellaneous Selections.
LETTER PROM GERMANY.
NO, II.
GOTHA, October 27, 1871.
THURINGEN AND ITS PEOPLE.
Leaving Bremem on an early train,
September 25th, and passing over a
flat, unfenced, barren and uninterest
ing, country, in which peat fields
carry the day, I arrived in Cassel, at
9 o'clock in the evening, being
just one hour too late to make con
nections with Weimer. Therefore
I was compelled to swallow my
wrath at the irregularity and snail
speed, (comparatively speaking,)
of the German Railroads, and take
refuge for the niht in the fine hotel
"Prince Frederick William," in this
equally fine town, I found the place
brightly illuminated upon my arrival,
and reverting to previous honors
paid me as an American, and my
pocket, I naturally thought this
might perhaps be designed for either
one or the other. But not so, a de
tachment of German soldiers had re
turned from France, with the Crown
Prince at their head, and for whom
the honors were intended. They
were fine looking fellows, and I felt
like shouting an additional hurrah,
and burning an additional candle, in
honor of the men who, by their skill
and valor, had worked out such glo
rious results in so short a time.
The rain had appeared some days
before my arrival at Bremen, "and
had continued its devotions unceas
ingly day and night. I retired in a
dampened condition physically and
mentally. The landlord (a judge
of human nature) surmising my as
pirations, took me up, up, up, until
I, becoming fearful at the prospect
of never returning Jo land, asked
him if he thought I could possibly
be brought down in time for the ear
ly moring train? Fortunately I was
not destined for the experiment, but
was transpired to better quarters on
terra Jirma. My bedroom presen
ted for the first time three permanent
German peculiarities, viz. the high
porcelain stove; the bare floor; and
the feather-bed. The feather-bed
coverlet gave mo some uneasiness,
but not finding anything else to take
its place, I bravely turned in. All
went well until I found myself among
ithe debris of a burning house, with
my lower extremities undergoing a
slow process ot ireezing. it was
only by a po arerful effort that I could
release myself from this terrible
dream- But my extremities were
really in a burning condition, and
I was not slow m punching the hot-
air ball into the further corner of my
bed. But no sooner had 1 reduced
it to a satisfactory condition one
way, when it would shoot out its
encroachments in another, until tired
and weary with my fruitless effort to
compress the thing into quiet sub
mission, I sent it to the floor, and
slept in peace the remainder of the
night But since then I have lm
proved much, I cannot only bear to
be buried by them all night, but can
actually keep them in place by hold-
ing on for an equal length of time.
Quite a feat it is too, when it is un
derstood that the only bedsteads to
be found in Germany are narrow,
single affairs.
I left Cassel early the next morn
ing, after paying well for my suffer
ings and for being an American.
The country through which we
passed was really beautiful, in spite
of the cold, drizzling rain, which
continued all night long, and made
the unheated car very uncomforta
ble. The beautiful, wood-covered
hills and mountains, with an occa
sional rum of earth or church, the
valleys, rich under a high state of
cultivation, its little red-roofed vil
lages clustering together, and hid
away in the shadow of fine old trees;
the clear,transparent streams,its fine
roads, and its grotesque people,
amusin'g in dress and occupation,not
omitting a passing glance at the nor
madic shepherd, with hi3 flock and
intelligent dog his home a two
wheeled cart near at hand, which he
moves, to better fields when the pas
ture becomes exhausted at night
his flock being penned in and
watched by lm faithful dog con
stituted the scenery, which was love
ly and interesting, and of which the
eye never wearied. It was Thuring
en, the German Switzerland, the
land of song and fable, the birth
place of great men and arts, the land
of superstition and progress. About
noon I arrived at Weimiir, the capital
of Saxon Weimar, a city of much
interest, but to which, on account of
a lack of time, I shall devote special
time and space at some future peri
od. At 3 P. M. I took the post
chaise for Rudolstadt, in the prin
cipality of Schwartzburg Rudol
stadt, at which place' I arrived in the
evening at 7$ o clock, and took lodg
ing in the fine and new hotel "Lion."
In this quiet, romantic little town,
the beauty spot of Thuringen,I sball
remain two weeks, when I shall com
mence a visit through lhuringen
and report the sights and scenes met
in my journey. Before going furth
er it will be necessary, and I hope
not entirely uninteresting to say
someting geographically, historical
ly, etc., etc., of Thuringen and its
people.
GEOGRAPHICAL CONSIDERATION OF
TIIE THCKINGEN FO' .EST.
The surface coverin' J the Thu
ringen Forest is 424 miles, and the
number of its inhabitants oTcr 200,
000. The length of the forest from
Blankenstine in the east on the river
Suale to its northwest point Hirshel
near Eisenach is about 75 miles; its
greatest breadth from Zisgenrack on
the river Saale to Kronach in Bava
ria being 7 miles. Of the territory
Miningen covers nearly 6ne-half, the
remainder is occupied by Prussia,
Sachsen-Coburi', Gotha, Sachsen
Weimar, Schwartzburg Rudolstadt
and Sauderhousen, Bavaria and the
small Reusse Principalities. Along
the crest of this great mountain
forest runs an exceedingly old and
formerly paved road called Remes
teig or Remway, which was built by
Charles the Great as a boundary be
tween Thuringen and Franconia.
The Thuringen Forest connects it
self in the southeast with the Fichtel
(or Pine) Mountains; in the south
west with the Rhieen Mountains;
and notherly its outposts Finne
Hainleibe and Kyffhousen Moun
tains end themselves in the South
Hartz Mounteins.
GEOLOGICAL CONSIDERATION OF ITS
MOUNTAINS.
1st. The Slate Oroupe, consist
ing of four scperate layers.
a. The green or light slate, of
heavy thick plates, cut through or
intersected by heavy seams of
Quartz, most abundantly found in
and along the river Schwaya. By
the wastings and frictures of water
the quartz will part with its inher
rent particles of sulpher, red iron
stone, copper, and gold which is oft
en found in the river sands. In con
nection with this variety of slate by
which it is covered and broken
through, is 1st, the porphyr rock of
a reddish color, containing much
quartz; 2d, the shining porpha; 3d
granite; 4th, green stone.
b. The Bark Slate of a dark,
almost black-blue color, mostly
thick, and not so much adapted to
roof-covering a3 the preceding, on
account of its peculiar, but fine col
oring, produced by deposits in its
seams of variously colored lime.
This stone is often used in place of
marble (doeshnitz marble) on ac
count of its taking a fine polish.
c. The lied Slate consists of
thick green-gray, and red brown
day slate plates, which contain many
round knolls of reddish blue lime
substance. These are used in many
portions for pavements. The former
two varieties, containing bat few
specimens of pretriction, this last
has many of the trilobites, etc.
d. The Kalm Gray SlJte, the
lowest member of stone-cord forma
tions, and consists of gray, solid,fine
and coarse sand stones, which often
represent fragment rocks of clay
slate, quartz and black grey slate,
among this formation are some fine
petriged speciments of the calamities
transition and megaphytous.
2d. Porphyr Group the lowest
formation of which is a coarse sand
stone conglomeration, over this is a
layer of gray horn stone lime.
There the shining porphyr, then iron
lime stone rock of a rough appear
ance and gray color which on fric
tion emits a sulphurous smell and
is therefore called "Stulking Lime
Stone." This porphyr formation in
its lower strata contains many pet
rified specimens of the paleoniscus,
loxonenea and turbunula while the
upper layer contains many corals,
and shells of the smaller kinds of
the ovicula, mystilus, and the
trochus helienius or snail house. In
this group are found copper, iron,
cobalt, silver, etc.
3d. The Variegated Sandstone
covers a great portion of the I'm
ana Rinn country and on both sides
of the Saale in Rudolstadt This
favuration consists of sandstone and
varigated shining clay marl. t The
lower layers of this stone are brown
marl, with the sand-slates and the
sand-plates interchanging. Over
these lie mighty banks of sandstone
intermixed with colored marl sand
stone slate. The upper layer con
sists of brown-red and gray-green
marl with banks or layers of hbnu
ous, leafy gypsum.
4th. 2 he Shell ,ime atone 13
found north from the edge of the
sandstone formation and covers the
greater portion of Ilm counly ex
tending as far as Rudolstadt and
Clankenburg. This mighty forma
tion is divided into 3 layers.
A. The lower shell lime has for
ita foundation the very thin, piled
up werve lines, full of trigonia petri
factions. This layer is again sub
ject to 3 devisional layers.
B. The Middle Shell .ime Atone
consists of three even layers afid are
frtmientlv mixed with portions of
horn stone lime. This rock is poor
in shell petrifactions but frequently
contains remains of lizard bones and
fish teeth.
C. The Upper Shell Lime con
sists of puffy limestones ricU pcrfor'
ated shells and portions of the sea
lily and the nautilus.
6th. The Keeper Stone Forma.
tion exists as the covering of thejup
per shell limestone rock, an earthy
blaek-brown mass, shining where
subjected to intense heat.
MOUNTAINS OF THURINGEN.
Among the mountains for height
and fine prospects may be consid
ered Swelsberg 2356 feet high;
Beerberg 3037 feet; Finsterberg
zvoo ieei; jJonnereuaiisiiK zliio feet:
opiizoerg z4u leet; Uolnear f ilia
mgen) 2300 feet; Tripstein
(oenworzoerg;, Wartberg, Veste
U)oourg, the i Gleichen by Arm-
stadt, Guckelhahn 2700 feet; Uebels
berg 2200 feet; Schneek 3044 feet
Among the most beautiful valleys
in the Thuringen Mountains are the
Schwarzathale by Ochwartzbers-.
Felsendale, Neselsberg, Manebach
erdale, Drusendale, Leebenstein,
Ohredale by Ohrdraff, Dietharz, and
Spitlerdale by Tambach and Mary
dale and Annadale by the-Wartberg.
RIVERS AND BROOKS.
In the whole of Germany there is
perhaps no better watered portion
than Thuringen. The walk through
the mountains is gladdened in its
monotony and much relieved by the
continual murmur and dash of the
best tasting waters of numberless
springs as they spurt from the hill
side or gosh in small bubbling
streams out of the bottom before
you. The most important streams
are the Saale with its tributaries
(origin 2208 feet above the sea lev
el), Shalbach, Wusteor, "Desolate"
brook, taking its rame from its de
structive overflowings. The source
of the latter I have myself visited
and found it of great interest Its
origin is near a little town in Schiv
Intzberg called Remda out of a
basin 1100 feet high, about 40 feet
square, from the stony bottom of
which burst innumerable jets of the
clearest water. Next in size is the
river 11m, origin in vicinity of
Sehneekopf (Snowhead) 1808 feet
above sea level, with several of a
smaller size.
IN REGARD TO CLIMATE.
it may be said that generally much
snow and cold weather visits the
higher portions during winter, which
sets in early and lasts long often un
til May. The winter of the past
year was so severe that many fruit
trees ana vinyards were destroyed
and it will be remembered by mcny
with regret. The summers are nei
ther so warm nor so long as with us.
The general warmth rate according
to Reaumer is 7 deg. 42 min. vary
ing somewhat with the locality.
Among the productions potatoes
rank highest They form the main
portion, of su3tinance. Destroy
this crop and much suffering will
result over the whole land. Rye is
extensively raised and used for
brand in preference to wheat Corn
I saw but once and that had been
raised as a curiosity. Many farmers
are engaged in cattle breedins. I
noticed some very large herds of
cattle, sheep, and goats grazing to
gether on the side green.pastu.es of
hillside and valley, attended bv the
shepherd and his dog, and rroduc-
ing a nne picture when viewed from
the hill or mountain top as the fin--est
tinkling of the bell one hears
tells of the passing hither and thith
er of the herd as guided by the
Shepherd's dog. I assure you it is
a picture of great pastoi al loveli
ness, and I have also noticed that in
driving these cattle home tp the vil
lage where they belong, each animal
will itself find Its own home and
shelter. The herding is resorted to
on account of individual scarcity of
pasture land. The farmers all re
side together in a village, each hav
ing his quantity of land as his means
f support from one-half of an acre
to fifty or more.
FLORA OF THURINGEN FOREST.
Thuringen is rich in flowering
plants. Phunangien are supposed
to reach to 1129 varieties. Of these
the grasses comprise 102 varieties,
sapilio tribe 64 varieties, the labi
cated flowers 57 varieties, the milk
weeds 54 varieties, the crubellifera
44 varieties, the rannuculi 36 varie
ties, the Rosa 34 varieties, salaci 22
varieties, etc., etc. Many of these
plants are scattered everywhere,
while others can be found only in
small localities. The himautoglar
rum hircinarum is found only in two
meadows in the neighborhood of
Rudolstadt, while the still more rare
ophrys arachnites in a single deep
ravine on the Debra Mountain, near
the same city, and the stnactys
annua and the diplotaxis zenniflolia
potentilla recta, only in the walls
and rocks of certain castles. Along
the banks of the river Saale can be
seen specimens of the East Indian
calamus, the American osnethra,
and that Canadian plant, the evige-
ron canadeusia. In the byways of
hillsides and Valleys I have also
found island moss, Belladona, stra
mauin, henbane, wood annemone
and others. The hueklebery, hill
berry (red raspberry), cover an im
mense quantity of the forest's sur
face and furnish, in their season,
occupation and support to many of
the poor. The Forest covers two
thirds of the surface ground of Thur
ingen, and contains to a great ex
tent a fine growth of pine, fir, and
some larch, while beech and birch,
immense in size cover other por
tions. Each tract is cleared for
wood every fifteen or twenty years,
but the cleared portions are again
replanted, and extensive young orch
ards of these forest trees, well pro
tected by high fences from man and
deer, are frequently met with. The
fir trees are really beautiful, and of
ten measure 150 feet in hight and
250 inches in circumference, and
with the beech and oak arrive at the
good old age of 300 years. In fact,
these immense beech trees inspire
the beholder with a feeling of awe
and respect, clinging as they seem
to do, with a mighty grasp to those
old relics of past ages ruins ot
castle or church as if to shild them
from further decay. In the deeply
shaded portions of the forest grow
the deadly nightshade, with other
friends of neighboring families, w hile
other familiar plants, among which
among which are ferns and polaperi,
which in turn show a deep attach
ment for decayed beech trunks.
The larger forest of the Flat Moun
tains, consists of birch, oak and
hazelbrush, which are also cleared
for fuel periodically. Among tiieae
is found the amelanchia tribe, which
cover the rocks in May with a beau
tiful white flower. Ia summer can
be seen here ia great quantities the
sarothamums, gemsta, red and yel
low digitalis, gencruim scordonda,
and" many others.
B ut enough of this wearisome en n
meration, which might be prolonged
still more. I will close this letter
and ?n my next finish the topic with
a few words about the people cf this
romantic country, religion, and society.
S. B.
Transported for life the man who
marries happily.
A new hired p-irL as'ed if she had
0
ever had any experience as a wet
nurse, said she hadn't, but that she
coma soon learn.
"You'll grow up ugly, if you make
faces." "Did you make faces, when
you was a girl, aunty.
"C-c-can that p-p-pup parrot t-ter-talk?"
asked a stuttering man of an
Italian. "Suppose he no can talk
so much better as that what you
talk, I chop he head off," was the
reply.
'Tm afraid I'm sitting on your
crinoline, ma'am." "0, never mind, -its
of no consequence; you can't
hurt it" "No, ma'm, its not that;
but the confounded thing hurts me."
Aunt Susan says: "Suppose all the
men were in one country, and all the
women in another, with a big river
between them. Good gracious!
what lots of girls would be drowned."
The poet Rogers once observed to
a lady, "how desirable it is, in any
danger, to have presence of mind!"
"Yes," she quickly replied, "but I
would rather have absence of body."
A young miss, in a recitation in
geography, informed her astonished
teacher that "'the mammoth cavern,
ia Kentucky, is the greatest living
curiosity, and has been exploded ten
miles from its mouth."
There was once an independent old
lady who, speaking of Adam's nam
ing all the animals, said she didn't
think he deserved any credit for
naming the .pig any one would
know what to call him.
A quaint old gentleman, of an ac
tive, stirring disposition, had a man
at work in his garden who was quite
the reverse. "Jones," said he, "did
you ever seea snail?" "Certainly"
said Jones. "Then," said the old
boy, "you must have met him, for
you never could overtake him."
"Waiter, I'll take my hat," said
a gentleman at a party one evening
as he was about going home. "What
kind of hat did you wear?" "A bran
new hati that I paid ten dollars for
this morning." "Well, 6ir," said the
waiter, "all the good hats have been
gone more than two hours."
A windy orator in our Legislature,
after a lengthy effort, stopped for a
drink of water. "I rise," said Bloss,
"to a point of order." Everybody
stared, wondering what the point of
order was. "What is it?" asked the
speaker. "I think, sir," said Bloss,
"it is out of order for a windmill to
go by water!"
A music teacher once wrote that
the "art of playing the violin re
quires the nicest perception and the
most sense of any art in the known
world." Whereupon a Western edi
tor comments thus: "The art of
publishing a newspaper and making
it pay, and at the same time please
everybody, beats fiddlin' higher
than a kite."
General Read, American Consul
General at Paris, has come into pos
session of a breastpin once worn by
General Washington, given by him
to General Jackson, by General
Jackson to Kisg Joseph Bonaparte,
by Joseph Bonaparti to Compte
Stanislaus de Girardin, by the
Compte to his son, who sent it to
General Read as a souventr of the
seige of Paris.
While the Japanese are so busily
engaged just now in adopting "Yan
kee notions" including greenbacks
and fractional currency we might
with profit adopt some of their cus
toms. As, for instance, in dapan
the ferrymen are held responsible
for the safety of their passengers,
and if one of these is drowned the
ferryman is in duty bound to either
drown with him or commit harikari
on the instant If he does neither,
the government very considerately
relieves him of his head.
Recipes
Delicate Tea Cake. The whites
of three eggs beaten to a froth, one
cup of pulverized white sugar, half
a cup of sweet milk, one teaspoonful
of cream of tartar, half a teaspoon
ful of soda, two cups and half of
flour, a teaspoonful of almonds, half
a cup of melted butten
Family Pudding. One quart of
sweet milk, one pint of bread crumbs
soaked ia the milk, three eggs well
beaten, one teacupful of sugar, little
mace, six good tart apples, pared,
cores dug out, and stand them in the
pudding, and steam until the apples
are well done. An hour will suffice.
White Mountain Cake. Four
eggs well beaten, with two cups and
a half of white sugar, one heaping
cup pf butter, one cup of sour milk,
one teaspoonful of soda, five cups of
flour, one teaspoonful of vanilla, one
of lemon, a heaping cup of raisins
(whole, without stoning), half a cup
of candied orange-peel and citron
sliced, half a cup of almond meats
sliced. It is a delicious cake, and
this amount will make two common
sized ones.
Economical Soup. Put into a
saucepan one pound pieces of stale
bread, three large onions sliced, a
small cab?wge cut fine, a carrot and
turnip, and a small head of celery
(or the remains of any cold vege
tables), a tablespoonful of salt, a
tiblespoouful of pepper, a bunch of
parsley, a sprig of marjoram and
thyme. Put these into two quarts
of any weak btocK, (the liquor in
which mutton has been boiled will
do), and let them boil for two hours;
rub through a hair-sieve, add a pint
of new milk, boil up, and serve at
once.
Ouken. or Heart Cakis. One
pound of sifted suggar, one pound
of butter, eight eggs, one pound and
a quarter of flour, two ounces of
currants, and half a nutmeg, grated.
Cream the butter bv mixing it with
the Hands, and mix it well with the
aiiTnr.anrl srirp. thpn put in half the
e?s and beat it ten minutes; add
the remainder of the eggs, ana wors
it ten minutes longer; stir in tne
hk1w and the currants after-
11U111
wards; then take small tin pans of
anv shape, (hearts the most usual),
rub the inside of each with butter,
fill and bake them a few minutes in
a hot oven on a baking-plate; when
done remove them aa early A3 pos
sible from, the pans,