R
Chi
w
ESTERf
ESERVE
30NICLE.
Volume 56 USTo. 16.
"Warren, Ohio. November 15. 1871.
Whole JSTo. 2S76.
BUSINESS DIRECTOR
fTTTSTE B5 RESERYE CHROXICLE
f V Published every Wednesday morning,
la Empire Kiosk, Market Bl Warren U M.
sUtsul. Kditor and Proprietot.
TJIBLES AND TEST AXETTS at the
-jLM(mI osf of publishing thera. for sale
byibe Tat a bull Co. Bible society, at all
lia depositories throughout the county. All
the style and prices published by tbe
Amarira.il RiMeSoeietV-keot constantly on
band. Central Depository at Hapsoort t
Brown's. Market t.. (south ame oi (.nun
Mouse square) w arren, u. uu'J
"TsR. IOY, Physician and Surgeon,
IJoffiee and residence a few rods South
oTthe Atlantic Great Western Depot,
where he can beeonsnlted proleailonauy
Warren. O, April W. 1S71-M
Sl 1 1. TO If STOUT, HOMIK X. ITEWisT.
SUTLIFF t STEWART, Attorneys
at Law, In Sutllff Tattle's omoe. High
Street, north of Public Square. Warren. O.
August 10, lbTO-tf.
A E. LYXAX, Dentist. Office over
B C rhrvst A Co.'Jiew meat market,
oppose. ,SSil THot-e. Market StWar
rn.Ohlo. Ian. hSP-tf
T.0CT. SPELLXA5, Dentist. Has
II concluded to remain in Warren, and can
befound at his old room tor the future.
Hay 1L tro-U.
GEORGE P. HtTTER, Attorney at
Law, Office In VanGorder Block, Market
8t Warren. Ohio. Feb. O. una-U.
Jar!
sptir. Phvslcian and Surgeon,
office over Freer Smith's Grocery,
DR. D. GIBBONS Dentists, teeth
extracted without pain; upper or low
er seU of teeth for I2.00. Office over T. J. Mo
Lain Son's Bank, Main at. Warren. Ohio.
Jan. 6.
J. B1UOIC.
c. T. strrcaxr.
Jan. l7i
JOR BOTOHrSS. W-T- SPKAR.
SCTCHIXS SPEAR, Attorneys at
Law. Office In First KaUonal Bank
ling, 2d story, front -coin Warren o.
Jan. S. 1670-ir.
JH. BRISCOE, Physician and Sur
aeon. Office over Park Patch's store.
Market Street. Residence, north Slue of
11.. etiMt twn doors east of Ei m. par
ticular attention paid to Chronic o'laeases.
Jan. 4. io7v-lyr.
TR. F. A. BIERCE, Homoepathic
llphvsiclan and Surgeon. OfflJ in SuUifls
Clock. High SUeeu
Jfic
n J. w. VF.LSOS. Physician ana
Surgeon, office east of First Nat. Bank.
c boars from 7 to it o'clock, a. m.. anu
8togp.ni.
Jan. 2b 171
d s wvnoi Phvaiciau and Sur-
i.i..MAff l.lhrtT nt reet
a m iA ia 13 m. and 1 to 9 p.
m. Residence. corner f High andClinnt
atreata. OV. 27 167- ly
JBRACKIX, M. D., Eclectic Phy
slcian and Surgeon. Tba cure of Can
cers.a specialty, or no pay required. All ills
to which the buman frame is heir to. at
tended with promptness, at all h0710it2
overs. L. Hunt's S!1!:
ht. Residenoe oppotlt Arrwld Sclelrt. on
xthe BasetU road. May 10, 187L
j. TAt-raor. thad. acbxbt.
VACTROT ACEXET, Successors to
J. Vautrot 4 Co., Dealers in WaU-hes,
Jewelry and Diamonds. Market treet, V ar
ren, Ohio. Jar Q.1IP"
w uTurr.
h. e. xosxa.
T) ATLIFF XOSES, Attorneys and
rLcounacllers at Law. Office over the Ex
chaBink of Fre-man Hunt, on Market
6t. Warren OnW. Jaa.. Ml
T7 B- FORTE R, Attorney at Law.
V .Office in Idaings' Block, Market 6t,
Warreu. Ooio. I Jan. ltCu-lv.
v rnwnTRT. Attorney at Law,
Oflk-eozUl-lUallWBStjKU
Ohio.
TVT B. TITER, Manufacturer and
j Dealer in Guns, Rifles, Cnttery
Ashing Tackle, Gnu Materials. Sporting
Apparatus, Sewing Machines, e7o- Mar
ttetSt, Warren. Ohio. 11 f-
w. roxrxa. w.a-.roBra.
-TXT S. w. F. PORTER, Dealers
W .in School and Miscellaneous Books,
Stationary, WaU Papers, Periodicals, Pam
SrieUaMagaxineCat the New York Book
Eore, Main Street. Warren. Ohio.
A LXOS D. WEBB Notary Public.
Fire and Life Insurance Agent; and
Tension and Bounty Agent Passage Tick
ets aoid to and from, and money remit
ted to tae old oouutrv, at the lowest current
rtii Office in Webb' s Block, Main Street,
Warren. Ohio. Jan tfiu.
H
S. ROBBISS,
Newton Falls,
nol.l7l-lyr
.Notary Public.
GEO. B. KESSEDY, Fire and Life
Insurance Agent, Warren, Ohio.
ocW.iS7t-ly., i
W. D. J" "ACIBT.
"ALL t XACKET, Manufacturers
of Harness and dealers in onuuraj
aware. Trunks. Valises. TimveliugBags,
unH. nianbu .,lt '.pm and Fancy
6addiery, No. a. Market Street, War n. O.
TTTHnTLESEY ADAXS, Fire and
V Life Insurance Agent, Warren, Ohio.
Merchandize and other property Insured In
site best Companies, on favorable terms
farm property, isolated Dwellings, and their
orulture Insured for one, three and flvs
jyeara. Office in McCombs and smith s block.
r.B .BTTCHIirs, C OI.IDDXH, iTOll.
HTTCHESS, GLIDDE5 A STTLL,
Attornevs at Law, office over Smith
er's Store, corner of Main and Market
Streets. Warren, Ohio. Jan. a, Hffo-tf.
T I. DAWS03, Mayor of the Incor
I pool ted Village of Warren, O and alas
JusUceof the Peace in and for said V illage,
attends to ail business usually transacted by
Justices of the Peace. Mayor's regular court
very Monday morning from to If o'clock
Jan.6.1ti7.
C -C. McXTTT, House, Sign, and
Ornamental Painter, Gralner,
ILinii's New Block. Main St., Warren, Ohio.
May 10, 1S71-U
WHE5 AT YTARRE S, Call at M.
HARRIS', one door south of the
Post Office, for yonr Cigars and Tobacco.
He keeps the beat nvs cent Cigars in town.
July X, "71-ly.
rrO THE FARXERS OF TREHBIIL
I County. O. B. Dealing. Agent for Ohio
farmers Insurance Company: residence one
door north of National House. Warren, O.
ssui of insurance lower, and security bet
ter isu any .other responsible company in
the State. Call and see him before you in
sure. may S, IS7i-lyr.
J DDI5GS K0BGA5, Dealers in St
nle and Fancy Dry -Goods, Carpets, Mat
Floor Oil Cloths, window Shades
jaud fixtures. Tea, Coffee, c They keep eon
atanUy on hand, a large and full aasorv
sne ntof goods In their Una, of good quality
.and fashionable styles, and o tier them for
ale at the kwes p
A TKJLFHTS G BITER, Dealer in
i iw.....lriJ!- Piano-stools. Sbeet-
anusia. Maaio-books, Violin Strings, Guitar
rtringa. c. c cvor. w i,
Porter's Book Store. Uan. a. iu.
B. S. VILIIt, W. B. USI.IK, B- 1 WAIJtls.
WALKER, LESLIE CO., Bank
ers, Cbnrcb H11L Ohio. Dealers In
Government Securities, Foreign and Domes
tic ExckaBg. Collections made. Interest
allowed on special Deposits. (Jan. 4-ly.
TTARTFORD AC ADEMICInstitnte.
tt I w. rkner. A. B PrincioaL. with au
eihcient corps of assistants. Two courses of
study, Normal and Classical. Winter Term
begins Dec Sin. For clrcn lain addres
T. A. BCf HNELL. See'y.
OetSS, JJ7I-1JT Hartford,TrambullCo,0.
EXCHANGE 3AiV.lv
FREEMAN HNT.
WAR BEN, OHIO.
DEALERS TS
Ktfw. tartars Exsaaawa. Cnasrssat Bsak
Rstss,aaaan klsdssf
;6VEKNMENT BONDS
Interest Allow? os time Deposits.
Collections nd all business connected with
Banking promptly attended to.
REVENUE STAMPS FOB SALE.
March L 1871.
YjttlenienU Ordered to be Adrerll
TT IS ORDERED THAT THE
lollowina accounts of Executors. Admin-
i.Li-ators. aud Guardians, which have been
(lied in the Probate Court of Trumbull Co-
be advertised lour consecutive weeks, ac
cording to law, and that they remain on tils
lor inspection ana exceptions. n mil Novem
ber 2ki, A. D. 1S71, wben they will be exam
ined and ordered to record if no exceptions
appear thereto:
Jehial Clark, dee'd. final act of
Ei'r.
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1 nomas Craft
Alvin Hlg'.ey
William ilingen
Thos Cawfleld
Ransom Johnson
Jusepb Kurle
Michael Klstler
Kstber Trunkey
Fred'ck HwacKer,
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Ambrose Mason
Godfrey PrltzeU
Electa Seger
Levi gutlin
Oscar Fitch
Jacob Powers
Frederick STaft
John Laird
Mary Lane
John Boyd
Upson B Barnes
Ansell Miner
Jacob Heel
Smith Scovtlle
Samuel Wilson
Warren Burton
Thomas Hatch
J R 8 Harmon
Julius Miner
Henrv Hidels
H H Hungerford
lr Jas BroDson
Augustus Grater
William Fee
Martin Kee
Calvin Kus&ell
Mary Lane
Sylvester G Hall
Agnes Kline
A L Jackson
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Josenh Hhatto
Albert w iromoiiu, mimron i
F lorence Webber do do
Wallace W Reel do do
Anstla J Bacon do do
Benjamin F Pew do do
Maria C Jackson do do
Norman Roberts v do do
Adaline I. irdeil do do
Maria 1, Phillips do do
Elisabeth Wilbur, lunatic do
Vpwtitn Allen do do
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Clara Ray minor, part'l do
Willie J Kay no 00 ao
Frank H Scovllla do do do
Minnie E Maltby. do do do
CalistaCReel do do do
Elixa A Geo MeUish.uo do do
Harry i, Grace do ao do
William W Camp do dor do
William Moyer do do do
Frank Brandt do do do
Ivl A Seth McLaln do do do
Francis E V an Gorder
et. al. do
Alice Shefleton et al do
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Howard E Gllkey
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L J w j Ktison
Julia A Graham
Clara Field
Warren Webber
John l Pew. et al
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lunatic
Mary Melliah
Oct 23, 1R71-M
ALBERT YEOMANS.
Probaw Judge.
US. MARSHAL'S SALE.
U. S. Circuit Court, Northern District
01 Ohio.
Nancy Sloan, By -lrtue of an
vs. Valias Vendl Expo-
WilliamS. PendergestJ nas Issued out of
the U. Circuit Court, Northern District of
Ohio, In the above named ease, to me direct
ed and delivered. I have levied upon and
snail expose to public sale at the south door
of toe court House, in the city of Warren,
Trumbull county, Ohio, on
Saturday, the IStb day or Sot., 1871,
between the hours of one and three o'clock,
p.m. of said day, tbe following described
land and tenements, or William 8. Pender
gest, to-wit '1 be loliowlng described tract
of land situate in Liberty township, Trum
bull County, Ohio, being part of Section So.
15 and No. in said township, beginning at
the south E corner of what is known as the
McClary Saw Mill Lot. of ten (10) acres, at
the south line of said section la; thence east
8 cnains 31 links along said section line No.
15, to a post al the N. E. comer of what was
formerly known as the E. Stewart farm
thence S. W. along the E. line of said
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die of iue road leading Irom iipbbara 10
Wii?Us?TKN-"
atanding S. 2-1 V E, 86 links from a small
beach sight tree on the west line of the land
t' Jfri ii I
tbe milt dam, at one of tbe corners of said
16 acres saw mill; thence E. 5 cnalnsiiu links
it another corner of tut Id fv mill lot: thence
S. chains and 6 links, to tbe place of b
ginning, containing 7 &3-1U0 acres of land.-
Also another tract of land, to-wit: The fol
lowing described tract or land, situate In
Liberty township. Trumbull County, Ohio,
and is known by part of Lot No. l and
bounded as follows: Beginning at a post (or
a corner, at S. W. corner of lands of Jobn
Wilson, and rannlag M. chains and 6U
links with the W. line of said Wilson's land
to a post; thence S. W. 32 chains to a pool;
thence S. 2 E. 20 chains and 5u links to a post;
thence E. with south line of said Lot No. 15,
82 chains to tbe place of beginning, contain
ing 65 acres and rods ol land, excepting
and reserving out of the above described
lands ten acres sold by Jamas Donaldson l
Alexander McClary. For more particular
description, see Jas. Dennlson's deed made
to Thomaa Donaldson, dated June, 1832;
which, according to command of the Court
of Common Pleas Court or Trumbull Co.,
Ohio, has been attached by the Sheriff of
said Trumbull County, to satisfy ajudgment
or the Circuit Court of tbe United h tales, for
tbe Northern District of Ohio, rendered at
the January term in tbe year ltfTO. In favor
of Nancy Sloan, and against William S.
Peudergest. Appraised at $4,400. Terms
Cash. R. HASTINGS. U.S. Marshall.
By Geo. W. Dickiksox, Depnty.
U. S. Marshal's offlce.Clev', 0.,Oct, 18,71-51
TT0TICE.
J.1 George H. Porter, and William Grace
will take notice t list Henry Wagner, of the
County of Trumbull, and suite of Ohio, did
on tbe 14th day of October, 1871, file his peti
tion in the Court of Common Fleas, within
and for the county of Trumbnll, In said
State, of Ohio, against them, setting forth
that on the 2th day or December, 1865, be
and said Porter entered into an agreement
by which tbe said Wagner sold toaaid Porter
a lot of land situate in Mecca township,
lramhull coontv. and known as parts of
Lots Nos. 13 un'd M, and wherein said Porter
agreed to pav therefor the sum of tntrtees
thousand dollars, thatthere is now due to
aald Wagner on said contract the sum of
eleven thousand dollars and Interest from
the 2Sd day or August, A. D. 1871, and that
aaid William Gracectaims some interest In
said kftnd. tsaid petition prays that aald de
fendants may be ordered to pay said money
so due, or that aaid premises may be sold to
pav I Ue same, and lor other and adequate
relief. Tlieaaid defendants are notified that
tliey are required to appearand answersaid
petition on or before the Kith day of Decem
ber. 1871. HENRY WAGNER.
By Ratlin" Moses, Att'ys.
Oct. 18. 1871-6L
ATOTICE.
i.1 Austin Evans of East Palestine, In the
county of Columbiana, and state of Ohio,
is notified that Maria Evansdid, on the2th
day of September. A. D., 1871, file her peti
tion In the office of tbe Clerk of tbe Court ol
Common Pleas within and for the county of
Trumbull, and state of Ohio, charging the
said Austin Evans with adultery with one
Maty J. Tumble, and also with three years
willful absence from said plaintiff, and ask
ing that she may be divorced from said Aus
tin Evans, and that she be decreed tbe cus
tody ef her child, and be decreed reasonable
alimony. Said petition will stand for hear,
lng at tbe first term ol the Court of Com
mon Pleas of said county in session after
the expiration of the aixth publication of
this notice. MARIA EVANS,
By H. C Camp, Woodworth A Wirt, her
Attorneys. (oct. 18, lk71-t.
ADMINISTRATOR'S SALE.
In pursuance of an order granted by
lue probate Court of Trumbull Ccu,Ohlo,I
n il! otter for sale at public auction, on the
25th day of November, 1871, at two o'clock,
p. m at the south door of the Court House
In Warren, the following described real
estate situate In tbe countv of Trumbull,
and State of Ohio, and In the township of
Warren, and is known by being part of Lot
No. 21 In said township, and Is bounded and
described as follows: Beginning at a post
standing at a point where the south line of
lane Street in the city of Warren Intersects
the east line of six acres In said Lot 21,
deeded by John Crowell to A. F. Newell;
thence 74 west seventy three and one-half
links from the nortb-weal corner of a frame
dwelling bouse standing In tbe within des
cribed lane, meaning the main building;
thence north 76 east along the south line of
said Lane street one chain and fifty-six
links and to a stake; thence south 2:
east four chains and eighty-six links to a
line wMch is a continuation of the north
lineef School 8t.;thence south 71 west along
said last mentioned line one chain and fifty
five links to a post; thence north 21-f west
chains and eighty-five links to the place
of beginning, and contains 726-1000 or an
acre of land. The sale U be made subject
to tbe life estate or Samuel Elwell.
Terms of Sale owe haif in band, balance
in one vear, secured by mortgaee. Apprais
ed at JluCO. H. H. MomES, Adm'r.
of Clarissa Elwell, dee'd.
Oct 25, l71-tt
House and Land for Sale.
3 HE subscriber offers for sale his
house and seven acres of land situate In
avittsbura. three milea west of Warren.
Good comfortable House, new Barn, good
orchard and other fine froiu growing. Will
be sold on reasonable terms. Enquire at
the Chronicle office or of the subscriber on
the premises. JAS. T. TRACY.
Nov. 30. 1870-tf.
Hair Jewelry Manufactory
MISS 8. E. GORDON, respectful
ly announces that she still continues
ftie business of manufacturing all kinds of
Hair Jewelry. Watch Chains, Plna. Ear
rings, Ac., made to order on tbe shortest
Huie and at living rates. Switch, Curls,
Braids, of all deacriptionaand colors, con
stantly kept on band. Rooms No. 8 King's
new blook. Main St, Warren. Ohio.
Mar. 2. ItKL R. E. GORDOJI.
-wooden
THE CHRONICLE.
PUT YOURSELF IN HIS PLACE.
It's a very good rule In all things In life.
When iudffirj a friend or hrother
Not to look at thequestlon aloneon one side.
iu mimmyw mj turn to ine oiuer.
We are apt to be selfish in all our views.
In the juetllsg, headlong race;
And so to be rig-tit, ere you censure a man.
Just "put yourself In his place."
It Is very bard to be Just to know
Tbe reason another mav a-ive
How much be has struggiedatd fought,and
sinveu.
How honestly tried to live;
How much been cheated, how sorely tried,
Ere the vront be was forced to embrace
And If yon would learn these things, the way
as 10 "put yourseii in nis piace."
There's many a man crushed down by
shame.
Who blameless stands before God.
But whom his fellows have utterly scorned.
And made to "pass nnder the rod:"
Whose soul is unstained by th thought of
sin.
Who will yet Cnd saving grace.
And who would be praised where yon now
condemn.
If you would "put yourself In his place."
AN ADDRESS
Delivered at the Editors' and Printers' Convention,
Held at Alliance, O., Nov. 2, 1871.
BY JOHN FROST. ESQ.
D0 composition rollers did not know
.gwh.t they were,
though some of us had read about
BuCn ijjirjj.g. Qur method of applying
the ink was with two halls. ea.,h
So much has been said, and well
said, in prose and in sone. in eulogy
of the printing art, that it would be
presumption on this occasion, to pre
teml to utterany thing new or perhaps
even useful on the subject. A dabbler
in items for a country paper cannot
be expected to get up a connected
document of any length, as the dis
position is continually to run into
variety and a contribution from such
a source might be placed uuder the
head, Miscellaneous.
Every craftsman present is supposed
to be more or less familiar with tbe
history of the art preservative, and
aud understands its detaihrwith tbe
familiarity which becomes those who
esult in tbe title, Typographer.
Nevertheless there may be sugges
tions expressed, though old to many
or all, whicli will have to be tbe
apology for what should be expected
ou thin occasion.
I do not know that I can bet in this
sheet better than to make a few brief
notes as to tbe late improvements
made in our occupation. When first
initiated in the mysteries of the so
called black art in the year 1827, the
the labors of a printing office were
conducted, in many respects, very
differently from what they are now.
That was almost the era, in this part
of the country, when the old Ramage
press was bidding a long adieu to its
position, and improved presses were
being introduced in its stead. The
Ramage was a two-pull press that is,
the platen covered but one page (and
but a five-column at that), and was
brought down by screw power, a force
not sufficient to print one side of a
paper at a pull. TbeSlanberry press.
one of its immediate successors, was
worked with levers, and its platen and
power were not sufficient for a paper
larger than superroyal, about 20 by 30
iutbes.Weuked to tuir and s went at that
Satan's caudal wilh blistered hands
on an edition of found red or five hun
dred papers and press day was a for
midable day in the week.
But the pressmen did not monopo
lize all the hard work. Then we had
something like ten incbesin diameter.
The ouside was made of soft buck
skin, stuffed with curled, elastic,
coarse hair, all lacked to pan of
wooden blocks with haDdles. To take
ink, and so dexterously handle those
balls as to avoid picks, monks,
friars and other blemishes, was proof
of skill in tbe beater especially if he
would keep a good pressman busy, so
that he would not violate the com
mandment, Thou shalt not Swear.
In the long summer days we labored
assiduously to get up our columns of
small pica and bourgeois, so as to be
ready for the press days; and we
hesitated not, when tbe niic hts became
long, to work till ten and eleven
o'clock by the light of tallow candles,
frequently using our fingers for snuff
ers. Night work as the rale then,
began the evening after the October
election, and continued until April
following.
Then we knew nothing of the job
press, all work was performed on the
old Ramage or its immediate succes
sors. In those days when election
tickets were printed we used nothing
but cap paper, aud it was always cut
for that purpose or any other, when
printed on.
The printing paper made at that
period was all baud-made sheets
rough at the edges not very smooth
on its surface, and much of it any
color but a fair white.
But these things are all changed.
We don't know now at least many
of our junior brethren are not familiar
with what sort of thing a Ramage
press was; and as to balls, modern
youDg men have no idea of their ap
pearance or use. Primitive as the
balls were, they were capable of pro
ducing good press-work, when pro
perly handled; and could we see many
specimens of skill and workmanship
of forty years ago, considering the
material used, we would conclude that
jobs were printed which might paf-s
very well now.
Our modern presses, so w ell adapted
to the various kinds of work required
in tbe printing art, are so improved
as to render labor on them almost
play. No blistering of hands, no
tugging and sweating at the great
level which moves tbe world, and no
rub-a-dub with a pair of huge balls,
in order to blacken the faces of ingeni
ously contrived types but we turn
on tbe steam, and straightway the
machine is set agoing, doing its own
inking, with nothing for the press
man to do but to feed ita vorpcioua
maw with paper it does all the rest,
even to throwing off tbe sheets and
we have such work done as challenges
the admiration ol all. Two thousand
sheets a day was once a heavy task
for two men now two thousand to
ten thoui-aud an hour excites the
jarjel of no one.
Having thus briefly reverted to our
old way of producing work of the
press.it may serve as a sort of introduc
tion to a few remarks as to w hat is the
duty, in some respects, of those who
assume the responsibility of taking
control of this agency.
Iu past times, cunning,- physical
power, stratagem and deceit were
phrases of the governing power. Now
it is far otherwise among peoples who
claim to have progressed in civiliza
tion and the arts. Mind, thought,
ideas are the ruling spirits. The
ancient saying, knowledge it power,
was never more fully exemplified
tban inourday. That subtle thought.
an entity, so to speak, which none of
our senses can perceive, wnen it in
spires some master mind, lias set to
work tbe requisite agencies that have
effected the most marvellous results.
Some of us can well remember wben
we had bo telegraphs, no railroads,
no photographs, no true science which
described the nature and mysterious
operations of the human mind, no
intelligible system or-pnonoerapny
but tbese and many other wonders of
tne age are now more or less laminar
to us Ul. it was buman thought and
perception that discovered them all,
and human ingenuity that makes
them useful and subservient to our
wauts. A Franklin (that old boss
printer), and a Morse made the light
nings of heaven- our servants; a
jritepbenaop contrived the wonderful
locomotive, imbuing it with its terri
ble Dower and creat swlilness:
Dauguerre brought to light tie magic
skill which so utilizes nature's la ora
tory as to make Indellible tbe linea
ments of the human face a Gall and
a Spurzheim discovered and promul
gated a clear system of mental philo
sophy a ntman reuueeu w
science tbe means of capturing
thoughts as they gush from the lips
or the living speaner, Dy tu
hand and quick apprehension of the
photographer.
But great as are all these manifes
tations or advancement, mere is jri,
I mav anfclv assuiue. one which, in
mauy respects, equals tbeni all. Civi
lization, although greatly crippled,
might manage to contribute to tbe
welfare or our race witnout iue uia
coveries alluded to, as it did for cen
turies previous totheirdevelopement.
But what a blank! oh. who can
realize it, would tbe loss of tbe art of
printing create! is is tne lavonie
art that makes all the great improve
ments of the age In which we live
familiar to tbe world. Dispense with
the printing press, and what could
our telegraphy, railroads, photo
graphy, phrenology, phonography
ana many discoveries, all together,
do to fill the void Those two or
three fortunate Germans, Faust, Gut
temberg and Schoeffer, made a d's-
covery whlcn gives iue oecause
it embalms ami imparts anima
tion to all else. Their Eureka was
the daybreak of tbe dark ages, and it
unfolded mysteries for which all
coming generations will pronounce
them blessed. No enconium that I
can conceive is adequate to extol
beyond, or even equal to, ita merits,
tbe art of printing.
It is possible that some of us by
nature and qualification may not be
fitted for the places we occupy, but
we are in them, and as Ions as we try
to fill them, we should be prompted
by tne most exaitea aims mat
can animate numan action. iue
position of the true editor may be
reearded as that of a teacher. .Tbe
thoughts to which he gives utterance
in his columns, whether original or
selected, may seem transient to the
time of their expression, oui iney
leave their impress on some minds.
It is said by some thinkers that no
intelligent sound is made by the
human voice that is not echoed, and
its reverberations caught. The idea
is. of course, that this fact is spoken
of in a metaphorical sense, yet may
there not be something literal in it?
So it is In giving expression to our
ideas in print, end promulgating them
to the world. Humble as they may
seem they do not die stillborn, but go
forth on tbe mission for which they
w'-re sent. Those of ns who have
become familiar with tbese facts, from
a quarter to a third of a century's
observation, can verify this posi
tion. Occupying this exalted position,
then, our test judgment and dis
crimination should always be awake
to tbe responsibility we assume.
It is with pleasure the fact may be
recorded that the spirit of animosity
which once prompted many editors
to berate each other seems to be dyitig
out This is well. All of us when
younger have been guilty of many
indiscretions of this sort, but experi
ence and observation should, and I
hope will suggest to us the propriety
of avoiding personalities. Discnss
principles with all the freedom com
patible with a sound judgment do
so earnestly, conscientiously, and- an
intelligent public will appreciate our
efforts.
Ourcoming together at stated times,
and meeting each other face to face
has a salutary fleet. It tends to
modify those asperities which some
times characterize allusions to each
other when we "were strangers per
sonally. Editors, of all others, should
shun that belligerent spirit which
unpleasantly marks tbe forbidding
man, let bis position in life be what,
it may. I am fully persuaded that
there should be no incompatibility
between tbe editor and the gentle
man. It seems to me that our proper stat
us is uot that of prophets, though at
times in the ardency of our zeal for
promulgating certain favorite theo
ries or advocating certain measures,
we may indulge in the spirit of for-
casting the future in imagination
rather than in iaci wnat evns wui
betide the state if our plana are not
carried out, or what favorable results
will follow certain otner scnemes oi
policy. Of course it is a privilege we
mav indulire in. to a certain extent,
of uttering our ideas as to what is or
is not to be in the coming future.
The apparently most philosophical
and far- seeing are not unfrequently
decieved in their vaticinations.
But if we cannot be prophets we
can be tbe antithesis of this class we
can be historians. The records we
make all contribute to furnlsth those
who come after us as to what is trans
piring In our day. Some fifteen or
twentv years aco Mr. George W. Bun
gay, the essayist and poet, in point
ing to the traits oi uoiaoie men wen
living, in tbe earnestness of his H
tbusiam, and perhaps indulging ia a
little noetic license, said that Horace
Grteley was tbe recording angel of
North America. No doubt Mr. G.
has contributed a fair share toward
transmitting to posterity the sayings
aud doings of the times, but it seems
to me that he is r.ot the only angel
entitled to commendation for the sue
cess which bas attended his efforts as
a faithful recorder. Our Journals,
Reporters, Chunlcles, Gazettes, and
Presses, all aid in making history
ou Heralds, Republican, Democrats,
Tribunes, Independents, Statesmen,
dec: may help to eiuciaatetne mys
teries of government, while tbe com
mercial, religious, scientific, literary
and hundred specalities are takeu
care of by their respective organs of
thought."
This is a point to w hich we caunot
pay too much attention. A publisher
of a paper who is so careless as to pay
no attention to preserving one or
more complete files of the same is
culpable of inexcusable negligence.
Of so much importance do I deem
this idea pf preserving papers, that I
should suggest that a law be enacted
by our legislature, which should re
quire of every publisher of a paper or
magazine of any description in the
slate to send a copy of every issue to
a state librarian or other proper offi
cer for that purpose, at the seat of gov
ernment and that it be his imper
ative duty toUke particular care of
these papers, and have them filed and
bound every year. True, maoy of
them do not seem to be of practical
utility in this way. at first, but there
is no periodical so insignificant but
that it may be of value to posterity.
Had some thing like this been done
from the beginning, In Ohio, what a
wealth of history would now enrich
our state! To prove that it ia only
necesrary to advert to the fact that
we are all eager to get hold of those
little, old, dingy, yellow sheet", put
through tbe Ramage presses of long
ago and those who are tbe fortunate
possessors of such recllcs will not will
ingly part with them without a very
tempting consideration.
As we are met together in a social
and business capacity it may not be
amiss to at least refer to an important
point, one which interests us all, and
that is order. I do not allude to it
with tbe idea that any here are lack
ing in this regard, but there are de
grees in the grace, if it uicy be styled
such, which should command our at
tention. Some one will say that
order is heaven's first law. In a
printing office, where there is such
variety, if it is properly conducted,
this precept is indispensbile. A place
for everything, and everything in its
place, is a inotto to which the careful
printer pays much heed, our business
embraces a greater variety of tools
so to speak perhaps than any other.
Carlessness causes blunders. Our
mistakes go out to a discriminating
woild, a large portion of whom have
po idea of the thousand contingencle-
and liabilities nnder which we labor
often, especially for lack of time.
Our dish must be on band at stated
seasons, whether well cooked, hair
done, or rare, or else scolding will be
done at our expense. Tbe lawyer is
expected to miss his aim half the time
because he has but oue side to werk
for; the preacher may err in trying to
instruct his hearers, but his mistakes
are soon forgotten the doctor (lucky
fellow) it is said, often bides his er
rors underthe ground. Not so with
the printer, especially the newspaper
man. A thousand critics scan the
work, and perhaps not one in ten can
spell the word chertnut or February
correctlv but they can tell when tbe
letter is upside down. To all these
the printer weekly submits, and tries
to do better. Keep everything in ita
proper place, aud these carpers
will have less to do.
The position of a country editor
is any thing but a sinecure, if he does
bis duty well. If faithful he scarcely
knows what rest is his work seems
not done till death comes with his
dagger and writes finis to his career.
In the good time coming it may be
otherwise for this consummation it
ia our duty to labor and to wait.
In this desultory and very imper
fect essay, gotten up at odd times,
not withou thearing the word "copy"
nronounced at intervals, I have at-
team ted to put together such ideas as
occured to me during their prepara
tion, and if they serve do nigner pur
pose, will answer to while away a few
minutes in their reading. We have
come togetherforbuslnera, not amuse
ment, so i pring mis piece to a ciose,
LONGEVITY OF THE RACE.
A writer in the Herald of Health
argues that the average longevity of
the human race nas oeen gradually
increasing for centuries, ana mat it
will probably continue to Increase for
centuries, lie, nowever, maae a dis
tinction between that and ''potential
longevity," or the expectation of life
in the higher ages, which he says is
not increasing, or, at least is not
shown to be increasing by any statis
tics yet taken. He mentions It as a
singular fact that there are absolutely
no statistics that throw light on tbe
fluctuations in longevity in past ages,
so that nearly all that is written upon
that fruitful theme la mere specula
tion, and must continue so until
facts have been accumulated to war
rant a deduction. The race is now in
in a sort of transition state, which
is really causing a survival of tbe
fittest." as Herbert Spencer calls It.
operating through tbe emulation of
individuals and communities, and by
means of this struggle greater mental
power is being added to the contes
tants, riasty writers nave concluded
that this increased mental expendi
ture must tell against longevity, even
allowing all the other conditions
to remain the same; yet there ia every
reason to believe that the structural
capacity keeps pace with tbe demands
made upon it, and that the brain of
the present age is not more exhaus
tive to tbe men who' have become
enured to it than that of the dark
ages was to the less capable men of
that time. ere it otherwise tbe rare
would inevitably become extinct
through the increased difficulties of
existence which accompany increase
of population. On the contrary, as
we approach that perfect state of
civilization, man will become adjusted
to bis condition, life wlU have fewer
needless drafts upon it, and healthy,
energetic centenarians may be the
rule and not the exception.
A curious branch of Mr. Lankes
ter'a is his idea that, if exempt for a
great length of time from a disease, a
specie may become no longer subject
to it." In other words, suppose that
by vaccination and other sanitary
measures the small-pox weie kept off
lor several general generations in suc
cession, might not the very seeds of
the disease be eliminated from the
human constitution so that small-pox
would be unknown The sheep and
ox are said to be descended from a
not remote common ancestor, yet
tbey are not now subject to tbe same
disease or to come nearer tbe case in
hand, tbe small-pox Is terribly fatal
among Africans, while the Maories
have an almost perfect immunity
from it. If this theory be correct,
then man can presumably go on
eliminating one disease after another
until tbey are all banished and death
itself becames a matter of considerable
difficulty.
FRUITS OF REPUBLICANISM.
Ask the poor negro what has re
deemed him from bondage and degra
dation. Ask him by what means he
has been elevated to the proud posi
tion of an American freeman, and,
with sparkling eye and beaming
countenance, lie will respond, it was
through the instrumentality of that
party whose members have been per
secutetKand hated of men. Ask that
numerous class of citizens known as
"poor whites" poor, indeed, but
holiest men who gavetbem the right
to stand before the law and the ballot
box by tbe side of the richest and
proudest nabob in tbe land. They will
tell you it was the paity of progress,
that roused Mississippi trom her leth
argy and bequeathed unto tbem the
rigbts of freemen. And let tbe anxious
thousands aleo throughout the State be
told that tbe Republican party insures
to the children of the South the key
to the temple of knowledge; that
henceforth schools are to spring up in
every neighborhood and be as tbe
gush of waters from the mountain
rock. That they will arise, like
fire Cies at summer sunset, and
impart light to the young, hope o
the middle-aged, and connolalion to
the old. lt them know that the
bills and the valleys of Mississippi
are to be studded with school
houses, which, like the temples of
tbe living God, are to be free to all,
without money and without price.
Let the children of the poor and un
fortunate know that the fountains of
living water have been opened up, In
which the buddiDg desire for know
ledge may slake its thiret, and where
all are in vited to come and partake
freely. Let this be told to tbe people,
and a voice, redolent with thanks
giving and benediction, will go up in
behalf of Republicanism. We make
no distinctions. Republicans proudly
unfurl the banner of education,
Like the wild winds free,"
allowing all alike to enjoy its advan
tages. Tbe child of the wood-land
cottage and that of the princely man
sion should be educated, that all may
have an equal opportunity of rising
to fame. It is a cardinal principle of
our party, that there is no royal road
to distinction. We believe it accessi
ble to all. None are born to com
mand, ar to obey. In tbe order of
nature God has made no distinction.
He has not provided for the poor a
coarser earth, a thinner air, or paler
sky. Tbe same glorious sun pours
down its golden flood as cheerily upon
the poor man's bouse as tbe rich
man's palace. The poor man's chil
dren have as keen a sense of all the
freshness, verdure, fragrance and
beauty -of luxuriant nature, aa tbe
Dale sons of the wealthy. Neither
has He stamped the imprint of baser
birth upon the pool man's child than
upon that of the rich, but which it
knows of a certainty that its lot ia to
crawl, not to climb. Mind is '.nrnor
tal. It Is imperial, and requires but
light. This light, Republicans are
now disseminating, and for this and
other acts of benevolence, Democrats
have termed them "thieves," "carpet
baggers," "scalawags," and caused
tbem to aufler wrongfully many
things. But a corrupt fountain never
sends forth a pure stream, neither do
we gather figs from thistles. There
fore, we point to our principles, and
ask that Republicanism be judged by
its fruits. Jaekton (AIiM.) Lender.
BOYS AND FRAMERS.
BY CHARLES DUDLEY WARNEN.
["From Work and Play."]
Boys in general would be verv good
farmers, if the current notions about
farming were not so very different
from those they entertain. What
passes for laziness is very often an un
willingness to farm in a particular
way. For instance: Some morning
in early summer, Jobn is told to catch
tbe sorrel mare, harness her into the
spring wagou, and put on the buffalo
ana me best wnip, for rather is oblig
ed to drive over to tbe Corners, "to
see a man" about some cattle, to talk
with tbe road commissioner, to go to
the store for tbe "women folks," and
to attend to other important business;
and very likely he will not be back
till sundown. It must be very press
ing business, for tbe old gentleman
drives off in this way somewhere al
most every pleasant day, and appears
to nave a great deal on hts mind.
Meantime, be tells John tbat he can
play ball, after ke bas done up tbe
chores. As if the chores could ever
beV'done up" on a farm. He is first
to clean out tbe horse-stable; then,
to take a billhook and cut down the
thistles and weeds from tbe fence cor
ners in the home mowing-lot and
along the road towards the village;
to dig up the docks round the gar
den patch: to weed out the beet-
bed; to hoe the early potatoes; to rake
tbe sticks and leaves out of tbe front
yard; in short, there is work enough
laid out for John to keep him busy,
it seems to him, till he comes or age;
and at half an hour to sundown he
is to go for tbe cows, and mind, he
don't run 'em
"Yes, sir," says John, "Is that all?"
"Well if you get through in good
season, you might pick over those po
tatoes in tbe cellar; they are spout
ing: iney ain't nt to eat."
John is obliged to his father, for if
there is any sort of chore more cheer
ful to a boy than another, on a pleas
ant day, it is rubbing the sprouts olf
potatoes, in a dark cellar. And the
old gentleman mounts his wagon aud
drives away down the enticing road.
with the dug boundiug aloDg beside
tbe wagon, and refusing to come back
at John's call. John half wishesthat
he were the dog. The dog know the
part or rarming mat suits him.
He likes to run along the road and
see all the dogs and other people, and
he likes best of all to lie ou the store
step at the Corners while his mas
ter's horse is dozing at the post and
his master is talking politics in the
store with tbe other dogs of his ac
quaintance, snappingat mutually an
noying flies and indulging in that de
lightful dog gossip which Is express
ed by a wag of the tail aud a snuff of
the nose. JNoooay Knows now many
dog's characters are destroyed in this
gossip; or bow a dog may be able to
insinuate suspicion by a wag of tbe
tail, as a man can by a shrug of the
shoulders, or sniff a slander as a man
can suggest one by raising his eye
brows. John looks after the old gentleman
driving off in state, with the odorous
buffalo robe and new whip, and he
thinks that tbat sort of farming he
would like to do. And he cries after
his departing parent.
"Sav. father, ean't I go over to the
further pasture and salt the cattle?'
John knows that he could spend a
half day very pleasantly in going
over t- that pasture, looking for bird's
nests and shying at red squirrels on
tbe way, and who knows but he
might "see" a sucker in the meadow
brook, and pernaps get a -jao" at
him with a sharp stick. He knows a
hole where there is a whopper; and
one of his plans in life is to go some
dav and. .snare Jjim. anu pring mm
home in triumph. It, therefore, is
strongly impressed Umq his mind
that tbe cattle want sailing, bui nis
father, without turning his bead, re
plies:
"No, they don's need salting any
more'n you do!" and the old equip
age goes rattling down the road, and
John whistles his disappointment.
Wben I was a boy on a farm, and I
suppose it is so now. cattle were never
salted half enough.
John goes to his chores, and gets
through the stable as soon as he can.
for that has to be done but when it
comes to tbe out door work, tbat rath
er drags. There are so many things
to distract the attention, acnipmuns
in the fence, a bird on a near tree.and
a henhawk circling high in tbe air
over tho barnyard. Jobn loses a little
time in stoning me cnipmunK, wnicn
rather likes tbe sport, and in watch
ing the bird to find wbere ita nest is;
and convinces himself tbat he ought
to watch the bawk, lest it pounce up
on tbe chickens, and therefore, with
an easy conscience, he spends fifteen
minutes in hallooing to mat distant
bird and follows it away out of sight
over tbe woods, and then wishes it
would come back again. And then a
carriage with two horses, ard a trunk
on bebipd, goes along tbe road, and
there ?s a girl In the carriage who
looks out at John, who is suddenly
aware thai his trowsers are patched,
on each knee and in two places behind:
and he wonders if the is rich and
whose name is on the trunk, and how
much the horse cost, and whether
that nice looking man is the girl's
father, aud if tbat boy on the seat
wilh the driver is her brother, and if j
he has to do chores: and as the gay
sight disappears John falls to thinking
about the great world beyond the farm
of cities, and people who are alwavs
dressed up, sua a great many otner
things of whicb he bas a very dim
notion. And then a boy, whom Jobn
knows, rides by in a wagon with his
father, and the boy makes a face at
John and John returns the greeting
with a twist of his own visage and
some symbolic gestures. All these
things take him. The work of eutting
down the big weeds gets on slowly,
although it is not very disagreeable,
or would not be if it were play. John
immrines that vonucr big thistle Is
some whiskered villain, of whom he
has read in fairy book, and he ad
vanced on him with "Die, ruffian!"
and slashes off bis bead with tbe bill
hook, or he chargBs upon me rows or
mullen stalks as if they were rebels
in regimental ranks, and hews them
down without mercy. What fun it
might be itohere were only anoiner
boy there to'help.
rlut even war, single handed, gets
to be tiresome. It is dinner time be
fore John finishes the weeds, and It is
cow time before Jobn "has made much
impression on the garden.
This garden John has no fondness
for. He would rather boe corn an
ax, ,h.n wnrb in It. Father seems
to think that It is easy work mat Jobn j
can do, because it is near tne oouse
Johns' continual plan iu this life is to
go fishing. When there comes a rainy
day. he attempts to carry n oui uu
ten chances to one his father has
different views. As it rains so that
work can not be done out doors, it is a
good time to work in the garden.
He can run'lnto the house between
the heavy showers. John according
ly detesta the garden; and the only
time he works briskly in it is when
be hasastentiet,todosomuch weed
ing before the Fourth of July. Ifh
is spry he can make an extra holiday,
the Fourth and the day after. Two
days of gunpowder and ball- playing!
When 1 was a boy, I supposed there
was some connection between such
an amount of work done 6n the farm
and our national freedom. I doubted
if there could be any founn or juiy
if my stent wat not done. I, at least,
worked for my independence.
The difference between a bachelor
1.. Im- ti H married mlO In love it
said to be that tbe batchelor looks ous
for No. 1, and the married man lor
No. 2.
SOMETHING ABOUT ECHOES.
A good ear cannot distinguish one
sound from another unless there is
an Interval one ninth of a second
between the arrival of the two sounds.
Sounds must therefore, succeed each
other at an interval of one-ninth of
a second in order to be heard dis
tinctly. Now the velocity of sound
being eleven hundred and twenty feet
a second. In one-ninth of a second
would travel one hundred and twenty
four feet.
Repeated echoes happen when two
obstacles are placed opposite to one
another a parallel walls, for ex
ample, which reflect the sound suc
cessively. At Auemach, in Bohemia there ia
an echo which repeats seven syllables
three times, at Woodstock, In England
there is one which repeats a sound
seventeen times during tbe day and
twenty times during the sight.
An echo In the villa mionetta,
near Milen, is said to repeat a sharp
sound thirty times audibly Tbe
most celebrated echo among tbe an
cients was that of the Metelli at
Rome, whicb, according to tradition,
was capable of repeating tbe first
line of tbe jEneld, containing fifteen
syllables, eight times distinctly.
Dr. Birch describes an echo at
Rosen hearth, Argyleshir, which It is
said does not now exist. When eight
or ten notes were played upon a trum
pet, they were returned by this echo
upon a key a third lower tban the
original notes, and shortly after upon
a key still lower. Dr. Page describes
an echo in Fairfax county. Virginia,
which possesses a similar curious
property. This echo gives three dis
tinct reflections, the second much tbe
most distinct. Twenty notes plaved
upon a flute are returned with perfect
clearness. But the most singular
property of this echo is, tbat some
notes or the scale are not returned In
their places, but are supplied with
notes which are either thirds, fifths,
or octaves.
There is a surprising echo between
two barns, in Belvidere, Alleghany
county, N. Y. The echo repeats
eleven times a word of one, two or
three syllables; it has been heard to
repeat thirteen times. By placing
one's self in the center, between the
two barns, there will be a double echo
one in the direction of each barn, and
a monosyllable will be repeated
twenty-two times.
A striking and beautiful effect of
echo is produced in certain localities
by the Swiss mountaineers, who con
trive to sing their "Ranzdes Vaches'
in such time tbat the reflected notes
from an accompaniment to the air
itself.
How the Disaster Was Brought On.
The following comments by the Tri
bune upon the condition of Chicago pre
vious to the fire, and tbe probable causes
that lead to its destruction, should be
borne in mind in the growth of smaller
cities.
No city of its size and wealth was ever
built in such a helter-skelter manner as
Chicago. Tbe West Side, whicb, by
favor of the wind. Mill survives th gen
eral wreck, afford a thousand striking
example of tbe folly which brought the
great conflagration upon as. We have
been putting up fire traps on every fifty
feet or ground in thirty square snilea of
populated area. We have been allowing
Tom, Dick aud Harry, who wished to
coin a few thousand dollars in a few
months' time, to squat for the purpose
in the heart of the city, and put op any
where and everywhere whatever com
binations of blazing furnace and tinder
boxes tboy ehose, nor did we afford any
protection to those citizens who were
disposed to erect structures and establish
business, with a view to permanence
and the general safety. We bave been
stretching among all these inflammable
structures a system of elevated wooden
side-walks whicb served at fuses to con
vey flames from house to bouse. We
have been strewing lumber pile and
shaving stacks through the town to make
fires out of, and distributing shingle roofs
among the more valuable brick aud atone
edifices, to receive the burning brands
as tbey came from the place wbere we
had arranged to bave them kindled.
Even in tbe quarters where men paid
lavish sums to have edifices erected
which were massive and. (at least to ap
pearance) solid, our architects have been
vieing with each other to see which could
make his pile of limestone the most top
heavy, and surmount it with the moat
kindling materials in the way of Man
sard roofs and wooden cornices. We
have built fire proof fronts with touch
wood rears. W e have crowned all by
placing a wooden roof on ourcity Pump
ing Works, so tbat whoever would burn
up the city speedily and surely had only
to wait for a fresh wind and throw some
brands against tbe eaves of the Water
Works engine house to disable the Fire
Department at once.
It was only a few days before the great
fire that the President of tbe heaviest of
the Englixh insurance companies (the
Imperial, of London) was in Chicago
with a view to establishing an agency
here; but was so impressed with tbe
precariousnesa of our situation that he
declined to yield to the temptation of
high premiums and establish an agency
here. "I cannot do it," said he; "you
bave some line buildings, but you have
them surrounded by very bad ones.
Tbe first time circumstances combine
airainst voti. vour whole city will burn
up." This experienced underwriter
had hardly time to get out of Uie country j
before hispredictious was terribly vert- j
tied. j
The editor of the Toledo Commer
cial was informed (when in Chicago,
recently,) by an intelligent resident,
that the great fire was no doubt due
to the special, incapacity of tbe fire
department, caused by drunkenness.
On Sunday succeeding the fire of Sat
urday, a large portion of the firemen
were intoxicated, and when tbe fire
broke out on Suuday night tbey were
In nn iviiirlitinn to iombat the fire.
The Chicago Jmirnal quotes with as-
sent, the same view given by tho cor- i
respondent ox iue ;ew iw
tbat a fire department strictly trained
to abstii.enee, would have saved the
city on Sunday night as easily as on
Saturday. The Journal says The
principle of foraf abstinence from in
toxicating liquors should be made as
much a part of the rules and regula
tions of a city fire department, as its
system of alarm and promptitudes,
aud a violation of the principle should
be followed not only by immediate
and sure dismissal, but by severe pun
ishment." This is tbe correct doc
trine. The steady brain and unflag
ging courage necessary to contend
against tbe conflagration of a great
city, comes not from whisky drink
ing.
Greasing buggies and wagons is of
more importance than some people
imaginne. Many a wheel is ruined
by oiling too plentifully. A well-made
wheel will endure constant weare for
ten or twenty years, if care is taken to
use tbe right and proper amountof oil!
but if this matter is notattendedto, the
wheel will be used up in live or six
years, or may be sooner. Lard
should never be used on a wagon, for
it will penetrate the hub and work
its way out around the tenons of the
spokes and spoil the wheel. Castor
oil !s a good material for use on an
iron axel just oil enough' should be
applied to give it a light coating this
is better than more, for the surplus
put on will work out at tbe ends and
be forced by the shoulders and nut
into the hubaround outside the boxes
To oil an axletree, first wipe thespin
dles clean with a cloth wet with tur
pentine. If It won't wipe without it.
On a buggy or carriage, wipe and
clean otf the back and front ends of
the hubs, and.then apply a very small
quantity of castor oil, or some especi
ally prepared lubricator ear the
hou lders and point. Scientific Pren
Another poor girl has died In Vir
ginia from the use of tobacco, at the
age ot 100. Sbe was an orphan.
A Whirlwind of Flames.
From the Green Bay Advocate.
I There are some phrases of the great
calamity whicb fell upon this region
last week worthy of scientific inves
tigation. The testimony of the cooler-headed
survivors of the firs at
Peshtigoand Sugar Bush and Wil
liamsville is united as to one phe
nomenon. The say that the fires did
not come upon them gradually from
burning trees and other objects to tbe
windward, but the first notice they
bad of it was c whirlwind of flame,
iu great clouds, from above tbe tops
of the trees, which fell upon and en
veloped everything. The atmosphere
seemed one of fire. The poor people
inhaled it, or the intensely hot air.
and ft II down dead. This ia verified
by tbe 'appearance of many of the
corpses. They were found dead in
tbe roads and open spaces where there
were no visible marks of fire nearby,
with not a trace ef burning upon their
bodies or clottsiijg. At me Sugar
Bush, which is an extended clearing,
in some places four miles in width,
corpses were found in tbe open road,
between fences which were only
slightly burned. No mark of fire
was upon them, but they laid there
as if asleep. This phenomenon seems
to explain the fact that so many were
killed in compact masses. They seem
to have huddled together in what
weie evidently regarded at the mo
ment as the safest places, away from
buildings, trees or inflamable materi
al, and there to have died together.
Fences around cleared fields were
burned In spots of only a few rods in
length, ahd elswhere not touched.
Fish were killed in the streams as at
Peshtigo.
We hear the universal testimony
that tbe prevailing idea amongvtbe
terror-stricken people of those places
was that the last day had come. They
needed not to be terror-stricken for
such imaginings. What other ex
planation could be given to that Im
minent time, wben there was an
ominous warning and -sound coming
from the distance; when the sky, so
dark just before, burst into great
clouds of fire, the beasts of the forest
came running for succor into the
midst of the settlements, and the
great, red, consuming, roaring hell of
fire fell upoo all around? The dread
ful scene lacked nothing but tbe
sounding of the last trump and. In
deed, the approach of the awful roar
ing, and the premonitions from the
distance, supplied even that to the
appaiieu imaginings or me people.
The Espv theorv. we think it is.
that continued and wide-spread fires
win tiring on rain, seems to be ex
ploded in this instance. These fires
had lasted nearly or quite four weeks,
ravaging forests over a great area, and
still not a drop of rain. The rain
only came with a change of wind to
the northward, and several days after
uie worst burning were over with.
ALICE CARY'S ONLY LOVE.
[Mary Clemmer Ames.]
In the profoundest sense Alice Cary
never loved but once. The man
whom she loved is still alive yet gos
sip with its keenest scent, has never
found or named him. With all her
fullnessof affection, hers was ao eclec-
trio and solitary soul. He who bv
the ery patent of his being waa more
than any other mortal could be
might pass from her life, but no other
coma ever lane nis place. A proud
and prosperous family brought ail
their pnue and power to bear on a
eon to prevent his marrying a gin
uneducated, rustic and poor. i
waited for one who never came back."
she said. "Yet I believed he would
come till I read in a paper his mar
riage to another. Can you think
what life would be, loving one, wait
ing for one, who would never come?"
He did come at last.' I saw him.
His wife had died. Alice was dying.
The grey-haired man sat down beside
tbe gray-haired women. Life -had
dealt prosperously wita him, as is
wont with men. Sufferingand death
had taken all from her save the luster
of her wondrous eyes. From her wan
and wanted face they shone upon him
full of tenderness aud youth. Thus
tbey met with life behind them
they who parted plighted lovers wben
life was young. He was the man,
whom she forgave for her blighted
and weary life, witbasmile of parting
as divine as ever lit the face of woman.
DEVILS IN DETAIL.
Speakingof the Chicago disaster H.
W. Beecher says
I have been very much struck with
the predatory wickedness of those
men who, insensible to tbe suffering
around them, resorted to steal and
rub. There are a great many who
say that there cannot be a devil that
Good is too good to have such a mon
ster. I only say that if therein not any
there are very good materials to make
oneoutof. Laughter. If God is too
good to have a devil-in-chief, he ain't
too good to bave tbem in detail. A'l
the fables that ever mon ks put togeth
er do not equal the heniottsness of
meu who prey on their fellows like
that. Tbey are like men who follow
a battle that stab a man that they
may rub him. You do not see any
great catastrophe but you see what
men ereep out to show how wicked
wickedness may be, and inhuman
inhumanity can be.
A galvanic battery of great power
is deeribed In the French journals.
Two carbons are placed together in a
large porous vessel with a mixture of
bichromates of potassium and sodium,
and perchromate and persulphate of
iron. In the outer vessel zinc and a
satuated solution of common salt are
used. The poles are to be placed as
near as possible, and to be of tbe great
est extent attainable. It is easy to
see that such a battery must be of great
power. Indeed, for equal size, it is
said to have twice the power of tbe
bichromate battery with two liquids,
and eight and a half times the force
of tbe single-liquid bichromate battery-
The usee for such a battery are,
of course, not numerous, but wben
great iutensity is required and an in
strumeutof small bulk is convenient
this combination is appropriate.
Ao old man of seventy, living near
Newport, Indiana, quarreled with his
wife, and, taking down bis shot gun,
announced tbat be would commit
suicide forthwith. He went into the
yard, laid down on the ground where
he could be seen from a front window,
fired the gun off in tbe air. and re
mained motionless for an hour, dur
ing which time he slyly watched the
door and window for tbe appearance
or his grief-stricken wife. But he
was sadly mistaken," says tbe old
gentleman's home paper. They did
not come out to see whether he ba.i
blown the top of his bead otf or not.
This waa mora tban tbe old man
could stand. He rose up. went into
the bouse, and made things hot for
the old woman and tbe children for
awhile. He'd show them whether
they wouldn't come out when be bad
killed himself."
The Springfield Advertiser says that
young men In that city who go to see
girls bave adopted a novel method of
obtaining kisses. They assert, on tbe
authority of scientific writers, that
the concussion prodiced by a kiss will
cause tbe flame of a gas Jet to flicker,
and easily Induce the girl to experi
ment In tbe interest of science. The.
first kiss or two the parties watch, the
flame to see it flicker, but soon become
so interested in tbe experiment as to
let it flicker, if it wants to.
1 1S65 Goldsmith Maid drew a plow
on a Jersey farm, and was told for
it'JfiO.-
Mrs. Leary's Cow.
From the Louisville Courier Journal.
The telegraph brings us the morti
fying intelligence that Mrs. Leaiy
denies positively that her cow kicked
over the lamp which set fire to me
stable aud burned down Chicago.
It would certainly be extraordinarily
mortifying if it were true, but
bappily, we are in a frame of
mind to disbelieve that it it true.
Mrs, Leary declares she was asleep at
tbe time the fire broke out. Then,
how does she kuow that her cow
didn't kick over tbe 'amp? Does she
ftretend.to say mat she can be asleep
n one house and tell at the same time
what her cow is doing in another? If
she can't what tbe thunder is she tal k-
ing about? Besides, she bad no right
to deprive the cow of the Immortality
she won by that historic kick. Sup
pose old Mrs. Erostratus had denied
that her son had tired tbe Epbesiau
dome? Suppose the mother of Nero
bad denied that he bad set fire to
Rome in order to secure an abundaneo
of light for his amateur concert in the
tower? buppose the owner or tne
world-renouned goose bad denied tbat
her domestic fowl had saved the Eter
nal City by ita warning quack?
What would history be worth if it
were suffered to be plundered in this
disgraceful way?
No, no, Mrs. Leary, that game won't
win. Your renouned cow did kick
over that lamp filled with non-com-
Dusudle kerosene, and you neeuu s
deny it. Yoq may have been asleep
at the time it is very likely you were,
for nine o'clock at night is a singu
larly late hour for you to be up and
abroad but that fact alters the identi
ty of neither the cow nor tbe kick.
You had better yield gracefully to the
iuevitable aud let your cow pass into
history, which she is bound to do,
whether you yield gracefully or not.
at all. Y'ou had better keep your
mouth shut, iu fact, and let your
name be handed down to posterity
along with hers, upon the tongues of
men. This is. perhaps, your last
chance to see your name upon the.
historic page a hundred years hence,
and if you don't want to avail your
self of it, you ought to sell out to some
enterprising somebody tbat does. If
you deserved to be called a citizen of
Chicago, you would have had your
cow photographed loDg before tbe fire
was extinguished, and would have
been selling the.pictures all this time
at twenty cents'apiece.
Household Sins.
Some cooks will throw out the
water in which meats have been boil
ed, without letting it cool to take off
(he laL
Bits of meat are thrown out which
would make hashed meat or hash.
The flour is sifted in a wasteful
manner and the bread pan left with
tbe dough sticking to it.
Pie crust ia laid by to sour, instead,
of making a few tarts for tea.
Cold puddings are considered good -for
nothing, when oftentimes they
can be steamed for the next day.
Dish cloths are thrown down where
mice can destroy tbem.
Vegetables axe often thrown away
tbat would warm nicely for breakfast.
Tbe scrubbing brush is left in water.
Tubs and barrels are left in the sun
to dry and fall apart.
Nice handled knives are thrown
into hot water.
Silver spoons are used to scrape ket
tles. Cream ia allowed to mould ami
spoil.
coitee, tea. pepper and spice are
left to stand open and lose their
strength.
lhe cork is left out or the molassea
jug. and the flies take possession.
Vinegar Is drawn in a tia basin and
allowed to stand until both basin and
vinegar are spoiled.
uried rruit is not taken care or in
season and becomes wormy."
Potatoes in tbe cellar grow, and tbe
sprouts are not removed until they
become useless.
Pork spoils for want of salt, and
beef because the brine wants scalding.
Bones are burned tbat would make
soup.
domes are leit on tne. line to
whip
to pieces in the wind.
Brooms are never hung up, and soon
are spoiled.
After one of John Randolph's pe
culiar speeches, which he interlarded
with copious quotations of Latin and
Greek, Kremer rose and, in a strain
of well acted indignation, poured
forth a torrent of Pennsylvania Ger
man upon the head of tbe amazed
and startled Randolph. His violent
gesticulations, bis loud and boisterous
tones, his defiant manner, were not
more annoying to the imperious
Southerner than the fact that he cou Id
not understand a word that was
spoken. Aud wheu honest George
took his seat, covered with perspira
tion, Randolph arose aud begged the
honorable gentleman from "Pennsyl
vania to enlighten tbe House and the
country by translatiug what he had
just uttered. Kremer retorted as fol
lows: "I have only to say Id reply
to my friend from Virginia tbat when
he translates tbe dead languages be is
constantly using for the benefit of us
country members, into something
like English, I will be equally liberal
in translatingmy living Pennsylvania
Dutch into something that tne house
can understand." The laugh wii
completely against Randolph. For
ney's Kecollection.
SIZE OF NAILS.
Tbe following table will show any
one at a glance the IeDgth of the
various sizes and number of nails In a
pound. Tbey are lated from 3 penny
up to 0 penny. The first columu
gives tbe number, the second the
length in inches, and the third the
number per pound, this is:
3- penny
4- penny
5- jienny
8-penny
7- penny
8- penny
10-penny
12-penny
it)-penny
Spikes
Spikes
Spikes
Spikes
Spikes
1 iuch per pound
11 iuches S-3 per pound
l inches 232 per pound
2 inches 1K7 per pound
2 inches 147 per pound
2 inches lot per pound
inches 75 per poucd
3 inches 68 per pound
3i inches 34 per pound
4 inches 16 per pound
4 inches per pound
o inches 8 per pound
6 inches 7 per pound
7 inches 5 per pound
this table an estimate of
From
quani ty
and suitable sizes lor nnv
job of work can be made.
An unusual drouth at the head of
navigation of tbe Mississippi river,
near St. Paul, Minnesota, has caused
that lordly stream to shrink into the
dimensions of a mere creek, wherein
boys, with trowsers rolled up, wadet
and, with curious bands, explore the
depths In which so many lives have
perished. Cattle, also, bask in tho
sunshine on tbe dry bed of the river,
ten or fiteen feet under the level of
the water whicb a few months agn
bore fleets of steamboats. One can
understand from this excessive droutli
how fearful was the dryness of all
material things which the other day
afforded favorable an opportunity t
the spread of tbe flames tbat ravaged
tbe Northwest and laid hundred- of
miles of territory in tulies.
It is reported that Horace Greeley
has got into a uiusa with a Texas edi
tor. It appears that in an agricul
tural essay on tobacco Mr. Greeley as
serts that fine cut will not ripen well
unless the tin foil is stripped from th
growing buds early in the spring, and
that plug tobacco ought to be knock
ed olf the trees with clubs instead of
being picked by band. This the Texa
editor said was nonsenxe, and Mr. G
eallHl hini another.