HISTORIC HOMES.
Across the stream at the foot of the hill a 1s found
GLIMPSES OF ANCIENT MANSIONS IN
WESTMORELAND COUNTY.
his
Glances at the Natural and Artificial
Attractions and Antiquities of
the Nomini River.
y
[Written for the Dispatch.)
Potomac there 18 none of more varied or
attractive nataral features than Nomini
river, which for a distance of eight or ten
miles intersects the lower half of West.
moreland county. At the mouth of it and
dividing 1t into two narrow, rapid ear.
rents lies a low, sandy island, called from
its scattered. and stunted trees Cedar
Island, while in close proximity are nu.
merous reefs and oyster.bard which long
rendered the channel peculjatly tortuous,
swift, and intricate. Until an ap
propriation by Congress some twen.
ty wears ago led to the ovening
up of a deep, straight channel no_steam
boat could enter the stream. Even a
school of porpoises that came in once on a
very high tide became jmprisonsd, and
much to the entertainment of the dwellers
ov the shore, sported "i and down the
parrow stroam for several months before
finding their way back to deep water. Now
the Baltimore and Washington steamers
make regular trips to four or five lucrative
landing places on the stream, and the
noise of the paddles and note of the steam
whistle are daily heard along the shores,

Near the mouth of Nomini and the bean.
tiful bay into which it empties broad, open
fields recede from ite low banks on either
side, bounded in the distance by wood.
lands or ranges of high hills: but farther
up the stream the hills rise abruptly from
the water, and with thick and vaned
growths of timber, interspersed with clus.
ters of ivy or holly and indented here and
there by coves and inlets, and cleft ever
and anon by deep valleys with steep, pre.
cipitous sides, oe present a highly pic
turesque and pleasing view.

WILD DUCKS,
Within the memory of many denizens
of this region yet living, the comparatively
shallow aud ealm waters of this stream
were frequented by immense numbers and
numerous varieties of wild ducks, and I
ean myself recall many s still winter
morning when the startied flocks, beating
the frosty air with their wings, sounded
like the roar of distant thunder. Now, 1t
is ssid, 1n the best geasons the commonest
varieties of ducks here may be counted
by tens where formerly they were
geen by thousands, and of the can.
vas-back and other better sorts only a
stray visitor or two may sometimes be
descried during a whole winter. The
experience of fishermen on this ereek,
as 1t 18 locally called, would through
many years have well justified tne
name of “Fishing” or Herring
creek,” which I find in certamn eariv legal
documents applied to one of its principal
head branches. ‘There is many a cove,
eddy, and shore on the stream that have
become famous in the region adjacent as
excellent fishing-grounds. it is now eom
mon to meet some luckless seine-hauler or
angler who declares that the steamooats
are driving the fish all away: but itis as
suring, on the contrary, to note that in
shallow waters here the wading crane still
plies her wonted art, and the tish-nawk in
summer, above her nest 1n sone lonely,
Joafless tres, here and there maintains
her ancient, solitary reign.”

ONOMANIENTE.
As noted on early maps of the colony,
the savage tribe originaliy nbabiting
these shores was called Onomantents, of
which Nomini way be a contracted form,
as Cone in Northumberland seems to be
of Chickucone. According to the narra.
tive of Captain Jobn Smith's captivity
among the Indians in the winter of 1607-8,
he was escorted to the campon this stream
from the Tobagoes, on the Rappahannock
(in Essex or Lower Caroline), and here he
reached the nosthern limit of his enforced
journeviogs among the savages, He be.
came thus, in all probability, the first
white man who trod these shores and
looked aown from the wooded banks on
the beautiful stream below,
In the summer following Uapiain Smith
iz bis memorable voyage of discovery in
an open boat, mapned by twelve or thir
tecu bold companions and mnpelled with
oars ard a patched sail, having entered
the Potomac, was conducted hither by
two Indian guides or pilots and viewed
the stream from the side of the water, as
he had before doue from the side of the
land. One ot this adventurous party thus
deseribes their experience at the time:
“We could see no inhabitants for thirty
miles’ nil. Then we were conducted by
two savages up a little baved ereck!
towards Onomanient, where all the
woods were laid with ambuscadoes to the
vumber of 200 or 400 savaces, but so
strangely painted, grimed, and disguised,
shouting, yelling, and erying, as we rather
supposed them so many devils,”
IN QUEST OF CORN,
It was hither also that Captain Samuel
Argal came in the good ship Discovery,
1 the suring of 1613, in quest of corn
tor the almost famishing settlement
ut Jamestown, and while negotiating with
Japazaws, King of the Powtowmacks, for
the lading of his vessel, he learned of tho
JLoselice mm the Indian village near by of
‘oenbontas, King Powhatan's duughter,
“employed thither,” according toan early
account, **as shopkeeper to a fair, to ex.
change some of her father's com.
modities for theirs,” The English
captain at once conceived the idea ot
making her a prisoner and taking Ler to
Jamestown to be held as a hostage, Ralph
Hamor’s treatise, said to be the most re.
lable and authentic work on the early his.
tory of Virginia,” and Captain Argal’s ofli.
cial report furnish detailed accounts of the
low artifice by whioh the young princess
was decoyed into the vessel and made a
prisoner. As consequent upon this
treacherous affair, her removal to James.
town, subsequent baptism, and marriage
to John Rolfe. and final death in England
became interesting and romantic incidents
in our early colonial history.
The tide of English immigration on the
Poiomae, after receiving temporary
check from Indian ravages and massacres,
began about 1650 to occupy the lands in
this part of Westmoreland, and among the
earliest settlements made on the Nomm,
beginning at the wouth and extending up
both sides of the stream, were those of
William Hardridge, Richard Bushrod,
William Boothe, nr Ashton, William
Pearce, John Vaughan, John Rozier, Lewis
Burwell, Thomas Yeowell, George Reade,
Franc's Clay, and Thomas hoy me
morals of nearly all of whom remain in
some bay bend, arm, point or plantation
which bear their names, or 1n the moss.
covered inscriptions of some time.worn
and neglected tomb still to be tound.
LOCE HARBOR.
The sailor in entering the Nomini
through its present straight artificial
channel, which runs between the fine old
estates of Federal Farm and Bushfield,
once the property of the Lees and Washing
tous, sees ahead of him a mile or so dis
tant, near the first steamboat landing, the
old dwelling called Lock Harbor, standin
now bare and bleak amidst the decay os
ruin of much that once made it attractive
aud pleasing to the oe. I am ignorant of
the early history of this old seat, but here
lived during the early part of the centur
in opulent ease James Jett, Esq., an old.
time representative of Westmoreland inthe
Legislature, and fies this home went his
sons, Dr, William N. Jett, long a promi.
nent phsicien in King (George, and the
Hon. J. Bailey, Jett, late County Judge of
Stafford, and at present a resident of the
tar West, Hence went also one of their
Sisters, as the wife of Dr. Ferdinand Fair
ax, to find a home and a grave in Tennes
see, and her daughters—one at Corsicana,
Tex.., and the other in Westmorelard—
serve yet further to illustrate a tendency
80 common in Virginia families to become
remotely fopasated and to shed their in.
giviqusl uences along widely divergent
From this retired home, where he lived
at the Hime, the Rev. George FP. by, D.
D., (now of Farmville) was cal at the
beginning of the war to a chaplainey in
the army, and among the memories of the
place that come to him through the lapse
Ease ot eh Soe
made by him from the
cover of the bushes in the early twilight of
a winter worning at a flock of unsuspect
TM TT TY YY ma Bid wih wilw sedagsi. Aah hdl
TN ET rw hd att FF The ud bh ate aa BER. Bo Add
summers since by the draw-bridge now in
use,
0
COLONIAL CUURCH,

On a plat where grow a few ee.
dars, hy sido of the stream and
close beside the bank, is the site of the old
Romini Episcopal church of eolonial days,
which also fell a rex to Biitish vandalism
in the war of 1812. The stuceoed building
which has long ocenpied the former site
has had among the clergymen who have
statedly ministered within its walls Wash.
ington Nelson, W. N. Ward, and Edward
McGuire Jrovious to 1830, and since then
William McGuire, T. G. Dashiell (late of
St. Mark's church, Richmond), and the
Revs, Rodifer, Wharton, Lloyd, Brooke,
and Castleman,
Among the unmarked and neglected
graves near this edifice I mention but one,
and that not because of any social, ances.
tral, or historic dgnity that belonged in
life to its humble tenant. It is only the
grave of the wife of the dusky ferryman,
whose cot stood beside the ehurch-yard
and who long, by day and by night, an
swered the eatl of the public as they came
wishing to be boated across the stream.
She died after a brief illnsss of small-pox,
and in the popular dread of the disease
there was none to minister to her in
ber last hours but her husband, and
there were no hends but bis to arrange ber
form and compose her limbs in death, He
alone was the sexton to dig ber grave and
the pall-bearer to convey her body to its
burial, and alone in the higin and in his
grief he laid her awsy in the earth and
reared the mound above her,












LIBERTY HALL.
On the side of the road opposite the
chureh, and extending for some distance
up the shore, 18 the plantation called Li
berty Hall, owned at present by Mr. Bruce
Massey, under whose energetic and pro
gressive management, with its diversified
crops of grain, larger fruits, berries, &e.,
it 18 becoming one of the most attractive
and remunerative farmsin the county. The
building here, if it be not the same, marks
the site of the one that became the home
of Colonel John A. Washington during
the Revolution, when, as the brother of the
commander-in-chief ot the American ar
mies, his residence near the Potomac was
made a target for the guns of the British
vessels, and its name witnesses to the
hiberty-loving spirit of this patriotic citi.
zen. In a letter dated here April 15, 1776,
Colonel Washington wrote



“My honse, standing 1 point-blank
eannon-shkot of the shipping, I thought it
advisable to move my family and most
valuable effects. We are now living in the
house where Mr, Ballendine formerly kept
store, just below Nowini Ferry—baptized
Liberty Hall.”
GREEN HILL.
Two miles higher up the creek, bovond
the homes of Messrs. Thomas N. and John
Murphy (both of recent origin), is Green
Hill, situated on a commanding and airy
eminence, from which the ground falls for
saveral hundred yards 1n a partly.wo ded
slope to the waterin the rear. With this
place are associated the early family
names of Christopher and Glasscock, both
of which have figured in the local military
annals of Westmoreland, No descendants
of these names survive, and a few graves
in the garden here, and some shrubs and
trees planted by their hands, remain as
the last memorials of their occupancy of
the place,
During most of the present half eentury
Mr. Samuel R, Jackson has made this his
home and has here reared a large family,
more than one son of whom has gone to
agsume businese relations in other States,
while he, cheered with the presenca of
sther emldren, lingers near the graves of
loved ones whom he has lost, and often re.
verts to the goed old times when he did
hnsiness in the store at the corner and the
ntelligent leisure-lovine yeomanry of the
ommunity came thither on the semi.
veckly mail-days to discuss the political
1tuation, the erops, the blooded colts,
long with the mmcidents of the latest fish
ry or fox-chase,
HICKORY HILL.
Higher up the creek, near where the
alt tide wingles with its fresh-water
ources, and separated from Green Hill by
ngged, wooded hills and a deep inter.
roaming valley, 1s the old seat widely known
13 Hickory Hill, whieh was occupied about
he year 1700 by John Turberville, Esa.
I'he old «ite is near the brow of the hill
overlooking an extended undulating area
f tree tops and open, bare hills beyond,
with the on Wy A stream winding
ts way at the foot of them, The man.
aon here, described by a late chronicler as
‘a low brick building, more inviting for
ts internal comfort and conveniences thau
Any imposing aspect it presented to the
ave,” was consumed by fire long vears ago,
and ean but imperfectly recall the pile of
ruins and the flagstones from an English
juarry that covered the walks near whera
t etood. To this home during its occu.
paney by Captain George Turberwille,
shenff of Westmoreland in 1720, were led
1s hie successive wives ['rances, Letice, and
Martha, the daughters respectively of
[lenry Ashton, of Boothes”; William
Iitzhueh, of Bedford,” and Richard Lea,
of London, Eng. The tombs that per.
petuate their names and give the brief re.
cord of their lives may vet be seen not far
from the stream on which they lived. The
propiietor of this place in the succeeding
ceneration was John Turberville, son to the
1bove-named Captain George and of his
children reared here, wore George Lee
Turberville, who, at the opening of hostili
ies in 1775, left Winchester College, Eng
land, to become a major in the Continental
ine in the Revolution. His sister Letitia
married Cate:by Jones, and was mother to
Commodore T. ap Catesby Jones, United
States navy, and Roger Jones, majorgene
ral, United States army. Through heronly
daughter—Mrs, Gordon—she was grand.
mother to Mrs. Julianna Haves, the wide.
lv.known and venerable president of the
Woman's Missionary Society of the
Methodist Episcopal Church, South.
T'hrough his father, General Roger Jones,
she sustained a like relationship to Lieu.
tenant Catesby ap Roger Jones, who com.
manded the Merrimac on the second day
of the memorable naval battle of March
3 and 9, 1862, 1n Hampton Roads,






About the vear 1800 Major Robert Beale,
a Revolutionary soldier, became proprietor
here and so continued until his death
forty-four years later, and there were bora
and reared to him during this occupancy
v numerous family, the ouly survivor of
which at present is General R. 1. 1. Beale,
In a modest cottage built in the vicinity
of the old site by the Rev. Joseph H.
Davis, late a veteran member of the Vir.
zinia Conference, he found a home during
he last years of lus life and now rests here
beside his wife in the grave-.yard of her
ancestors. Professor J. WV. C. Davis, a dea
scendant of the early proprietor ot the
place, now owns and occupies it.
NOMINY HALL.
On the farther side of the stream oppo
site this place, in an elevated platean be.
tween the head.waters of the Nomini, is
Nominy Hall, Jong the seat of a branch of
the Carter family in colonial and later
years. A patent covering this large
QIORGHy SP penta to have been granted to
‘homas Hawkins February 26, 1753. for
2,500 acres, side of a southeast branch of
Nomini, formerly kvown by the name
f Herring Creek.” It Pagted early
nto the SRineesion of obert Car.
ter, of Corrotoman, Lancaster, who,
8s a resident of Virginia, owned
nore land within its borders tban any
ther of her citizens, and who on this and
other grounds was popularly styled King
Carter.” The estate passed to the one of
his numerous sons ealied by his own name,
Robert, and for him a palatial mansion
was built here in 1782 -an iments square
sdifice of brick, with roof sloping from
the centre to the four sides, and Bisons
within Bigh-piiched rooms with wain
scoted walls and a great hall after the
custom of the better class ot old colonial
homes, and beneath all subterranean
chambers, passages, wine-cellars, and
vaults, after the fashion of an ancient feu-
Ral anaktla Rerrm thn ceaist zff them tad eil ate
left descendants settled in Prince William,
in the vicinity of the battle
field, and six of his daughters, who wore
respectively married to Nag rw of the
names of Jones, Mau Mitchell, Ball,
Berkeley, and Chinn, bore into various
scattered communities of Virginia, ae
the'r children bave yet more widely ex.
tended, the traditional accounts end ma.
motrs of Old Nominy.” Late in life Mr.
Carter removed to Baltimore, where he
died, March 4, 1804.
PUENED TO THE GROUND,
The subsequent occupants of this seal,
except for a brief interval, bave been the
Maands and Arnests, of whom numerous
representatives have become widely seat.
tornd. Like most of the early seats on the
Potomac, the houss here was burned to the
ground long ago, and the present frame
dwelling stands within a few feet of the
foundation stones that supported the
former structure, Mr. Thomas M. Arnest
1s the present owner of the place, aud his
children are tae fourth generation of
the name to tread the sod and
play beneath the shade of their
forafathers, He, a lineal descendant
of King Carter, of the seventh generation
sees his plantation, under energetic and
intelligent management, showing no signs
of wornout and unproductive land, but
with crops as fruitful and horses and cat
tlo as fine, probably, as ever sprang from
its furrows or graced its turf in all its his.
tory of nearly two and a half centuries,
G. W. B.

of bers of the avove-named family
and of others also of the name of Griffith,
ferry was in operation for nearly or quite ahi

Howrrxs Ixstrrore, VIRGINIA.
P. 8.—A few hours after the sentence
above with reference to General BK. L. T,
Beale was written a message was received
announcing bis sudden death on the eves
ning of April 18, 1893. GG. W. DB.
THE WILLIAMS-ASHWORTH CASE.
A Statement of the Shooting and Stabbing
Affray Near Wattshoro'.
Waker aah my Wa
Wartssoro', VA. April 20, 1590.
To the Editor of the Dispa’ch
Having seen vour communication from
(iresn Bay of April 18th, giving an account
of the Ashworth-Williams altercation of
Sunday last, propose to give it as heard
from an eye-witness of the affair to me,
Ihe question of small.pox 1n our county
has been a mooted one for some weeks
gome contending it was, others that 1t was
not. Mr. Thomas F. Williams, who had
"Leen appoiated a quarantine officer to pre.
vent the spread of the disease, went early
on last Sunday mormng to Chase City to
invoke a visit from Dr, Clarence Saunders,
to see the cases and decide a3 to the
genuineness of the disease, In the eve.
ning of the same day Dr. Saunders came
down and visited the cases and pfo
nounced it veritable small-pox. Mr, Em.
bra E. Williams, father of Mr, T. I, Wil.
liams, and who 18 a one.armed man, to
gether with several others, met at
wattsboro' to hear the doctors’ report and
take such steps as might be thought ne.
cessary or ordered by two justices ot the
peace, who were also present. Mr, Ash.
‘worth commenced abusing Mr, 1,
F. Williains, and said tbat had it
‘not been for him and his d—d
one-arm daddy all this fuss would
not have been stirred up about small-pox;
that they were just trying to run up a big
account against the county. Mr. T. FL.
Williams of course resented the abuse and
insult offered his one-armed father, who
lost his arm at Gettysburg. The justices
interfered and disarmed the parties for the
time, Mr, Williams giving up his very small
pocket-knife, which he had not drawn, his
father taking 1t in his possession, which
wes the only weapon he (Mr. T. F. Wil
hams) had. Dr. Saunders left in his buggy
for home. Then Mr, E. E. Williams, Mr. i A
1. Williams, Justice Smithson, aud a negro
Joft for their homes, At the time they left
the Messrs, Ashworth rode around in rear of
thestore-house in another direction, When
Williams, his son, Smithson, and the negro
had gone about a auarter of a mile, one of
the Messrs. Ashworth came up, overtaking
them, and said to yonng Mr, Williams to
hold back a Iittle —that he wanted to talk
with himn—and asked for a chew ot tobacco,
Williaws paid no attention to himwhatever,
Smithson said: “I ean give yona chew
of tobacco, aud gave bim one. Abont that
time the other Mr. Ashworth eame up in a
gallop. They both crowded up to voung
Williams, saving, **D-—n yon, we intend
to kill you right here,” and both drew
pistols,
THE SHOOTING,
Williams dismounted and stooped to get
a rock. While in a stooping posture he
was shot in the back, the ball striking just
to the right of the spine, ranging upward
towards the right sboulder-blade, making
“its exit about eizbt inches trom where it
Centered. While in that stooping position
the other Mr. Ashworth stabbed Wilhams
in close proximity to the pistol-shot, in.
tlicting a knife-wound about one and a
half inches deep and about two or
three 1nches long. The two shot at
Williams about seven times and snapped
'ouce, only one ball taking effect in the
flesh. There wero several holes in his
clothing, After the parties wore sepa
rated Williams, Sr., rode as fast as he
could to overtake Dr. Saunders to come
back to Lis son, leaving Wilthams, Jr., with
Justice Smithson in the road, Williams,
Sr., had to ride some two 1niles
to overtake the Doctor, and while he was
gone young Williams felt able to ride, and
80 rode on, meeting the Doctor about
ha'f way. The Ashworths were riding on
behind, and came up while Dr. Saunders
wus examining the wounds aud staunoh
ing them, Dr. Burwell, from Chase City,
reached the yonug man about midnight
und did all that was necessary. Williams
is 1n nojdanger, as 1t was only AM
unless blood-poison or erysipelas sets in.
The Ashworths are in jail,
The above is a true statement as given to
me by an eye-witness of the affair.
Wire M. COLEMAN.









FINE OLD CULPEPER COUNTY.
Names of Distinguished Men in Its
Henorable Roll,
[Writter for the Dispatch.)
Attention having been called to an arti.
cle which sopeared in Tue Ricamoxp Dis.
rarcu of April 0th, speating ot the men of
Culpeper who bad left an honorable re.
cord, some of the most distinguished were
not included 1 the honorable roll.
The name of Lightfoot is one of the most
respected. Colonel Charles Lightfoot, the
latest representative of this distinguished
family (Confederate colonel), subsequently
became an educator of the sons of that
county, paid and free, Governor Stone,
of Missouri, who was in attendance at the
Convention of Southern (Governors, is a
gon of Culpeper, descended from ancestry
upon whom there is no discount. Senator
John W. Palmer, of Illinois, is a descendant
of the old families of Tutts and Yanays, of
Culpeper, Newspaper articles often fur.
nish facts for historians, and when they are
‘published in part they are apt to mislead,
Among names most conspicuous for ab.
sence from this roll is that ot Green, First
in the county, of the year 1600, came Ko
bert Green, of Laberty Hall, whose seen
sons (some of them) emigrated to South
‘and West. Norvin Green, of Western
Union, of direct descent from Kentucky
Greens; General Duff Green, General
Jackson's close friend and coworker,
whose descendants, Patrick and John C.
Calhoun, lineal descendants of John C.
Calhoun, of South Carolina, are also from
this stalwart stock of Culpeper, Dr. Lewis
Green, father of Mrs. Adlai Stevenson,
wife of our Vice-President, 1s a descendant
ot Robert Green.
STILL OTHERS.
Then, of the decendants left in Cul.
peper como Judge John W. Green, first
chancellor, then Judge of Court of
Appeals. His eldest son, William Greer
Green, first of Culpeper, then of Rich.
mond, A man of vast logal repute and prac
tice. Then, Dr. Daniel Green, of United
States navy, then Confederate, having
charge of the firet hospital at Culpeper
after the battle of Manassas. Then, John
C. Green, whose immense fiduciary trusts
evidenced the high regard in which he
was held by his people. Judge Thomas
Green, President of Court of Appeals
of West Virginia, whose concentrative
power and rapid conception of legal facal.
ies enabled them to give more opinions—
and oorrect ones—in his re Wn work
than any Judes of his day. Then came
the last and youngest of these lawyer sons
of Judge John W. Green, of Culpeper,
James W. Green, a lawyer in full practice
at the beginning of the war, who raised a
Jompany ou of lis own private means,
in which he enlisted as a private, being
aftorwards appointed as commissary of
Semper Brigade, of whom Colonel
Northrop said, bad the Confederate army
commissaries all been like him the supplies
of the army would not have been so soon
exhausted. After the war was over he
returned and took up his large prac.
tice and fiduciary trust, which were
most difficalt, peculiar, and arduous,
all ot which duties he discharged most
nobly, falling in the prime of lus manhood
o sacrifice, leaving a noble example to his
soupy people and State. Thus it 1s seen
that the (Greens of Culpeper have con.
tributed as much, if not more, than an
other names to make Oulpeper a fine old
county, and should be among the first on
the roll of honor. Avpexpa,







“What is the matter, Ray? Have
found something 1a the pho radish ie
“No'm, not much; only a lwtle hair
from the horse.”
Hoster man in the moon is crazy,
Wiard: Why sas
Hoster: He's away off,
THT RICHMOND DISPATCH—SUNDAY, APRIL 30, 1893.
(Writter for the Dispatch.
A Natural Occurrence.
rYeadbaa
Very True.
BABYLON’S MOUNDS.
THE INTERESTING THINGS THAT
THEY HAVE TO TELL.
A New Witness to the Biblioal Story of
the Tower of Babel—Prophecies
Fulfilled, &c.
{Wrliton TOT 0 LRSPREILT
Let us return to the land of Babylonia,
for its mounds have yet many interesting
things to tell. The country of Mesopo.
Tigris and Euphrates
tamia, between the Tigr
rivers, was in ancient times the seat of
two empires—the Babylonian in the north
and the Assyriun mn the south. That
which invests these countries with such
interest and importance is the fact that
they were the captive homes of the chosen
people of God. Into Assyria was car.
‘ried Israel and mto Babylon was car.
ried Judab. From those exile prisons of
the Hebrews are now breaking forth rays
of light which wonderfully illumine and
confirm many statements and narratives
of the Old- Testament,
THE TOWER OF AtSRL hth
ost every child ie familiar wi 0
0 about the building of the Tower
of Babel, the contusion of toagues, and
the sudden stoppage by God of the work,
That such an eveut never occurred has
been asserted by many a sneering critic,
The record, like the account of Jonal and
the whale, Daniel and the lions’ den, has
been ridiculed as one of the absurdities of
the Old Testament. Iriends of the Bible
have always believed the narrative, but
they had despaired of ever finding any di.
rect proof of the occurrence outside of
the Scriptures. Nuch proot, however, has
‘at last been discovered. It was
found at the very place where the
tower was built—viz., at the city
of Babylon. Babel and Babylon are
pames for the same place. ln fact, both
names are found upon the ruins of Baby
lon. While tne Hebrew writers of the Old
Testament lived far away in the west, tho
recent witnesses concerning tho rearing
nnd destruction of the tower have been
resurrected in the very nome of the build.
ers. ln a mound of Babylon several tablats
have been brought to higot upon which is
engraved some interesting testimony abont
the famous tower. The tablets are badly
mutilated and tne inscriptions (originelly
very lengthy) have been deciphered only
in fragments, These fragments read as fol.
lows:
“Babylon corruptly to smn went, and
Small and great were mingled on the
mound.”
RA LJ


Their work all day they builded,
But to their stronghold in the might
Eaurely an end God made.
In His anger also His secret counsel
He poured torth;
He set His face to scatter.
He gave command to wake strange their
speech;
Lheir progress he impeded.”
LJ LJ
“In that day He blew and for (all)
future time,
The mountain (was demohshed ?7).”
\d
*“Greatly they wept for Babylon;
Greatly thoy wept,”
Thus the NK story 18 con.
firmed by a newly-resurreoted witness from
the very spot where the tower was built,
HEZEKIAH AND THE KING OF BABYLON,
Il Kings xx., 12 and 13, read: At that
time (the time of Hezekiab's illness)
Berodach Baladan, the son ot Baiadan
King of Babylon, sent letters and a present
unto Hezekiab, for he had heard that
Hezekiah was sick, and Hezekiah harkened
unto him and shewed them all the house
of ms precious things, the silver and the
gold and the spices,” ete. An important
event for the little iongdon of Judah must
Liave been this visit of an embassy from
the great king of Babylon. The O14 Testa.
ment describes it in some detail, Do there.
surrocted ruins of Babylon bring any infor.
mation concerningit? It may be answered
that up to the present tims no direct
declaration of such an event has been
found, but several interesting facts have
been brought to hight. Inseriptions have
been unearthed which state that when
Hezokiah was King of Judah Babylon
was ruled by Merodach Baladan. They
aiso state that this king was fearing
an invasion from his enemy, the
Assyrians, and as a consequence was eager
ly casting his eyes RY for some friend
ly neighbor and ally, That he would
turn to Hezekiah is rendered almost cer.
tain by the fact that Hezekiah also was at
this time on bad terms with Assyria, (This
is seen from the statement in If. Kings
that Hezekiah rebelled against the King
of Assyria and served him not.”) Thus,
while we find no direct statement in the
ipseription of an embassy from Baladan,
King of Babylon, to Hezekiah (as men.
tioned in the Bible), yet we have already
found writings which declare that con.
temporary with Hezekiah was a Baby
loman king by the name of Baladan and
that Buladan was on the hunt for some
friendly ally against Assyria; and we
know from Seripturethat Hezekiah, being
himself anfriendly toward Assyria, was
toe one most likely at this time to offer
valuable aid,



NEDUCHADNEZZAR, KING OF BABYLON,
Prominent mong the figures of ancient
history stands Nebuchadnezzar, King of
Babylon, His name is found upon many
aces Of tha Old Tectamant and his ca
Prominent Jmong the figures of ancient
history stands Nebuchadnezzar, King of
Babylon, His name is found upon many
pages of the Old Testament and his ca
reer 1s closely linked with the history of
the chosen people. It was he who invaded
the ranks of Judah, dragged them captive
ito his land, and did much to change and
mould their destiny. It was in his palace
that the youthful Dantel was reared and
trained; it was his dream that Daniel was
called upon to interpret, and it was his
decree that sent the three Hebrew heroes
into the flery furnace. It is interesting to
know that in addition to the Bible ac
count of this King the monuments ot
Babylon also have much to tell, and the
testimony of these monuments strictly
accords with the statements of Holy Writ,
"fo some people the perfect accuracy of the
Bible may be so uvassailable that such
confirmation may be considered entirely
unnecessary and not worth the trouble of
mentioning, and yet surely it is a fact of
interest that at this day when the Serip
tures ure attacked so defiantly (in many
cases by those who claim to be friends)
there should be rising from the mounds of
the East such wonderful testimony to con.
front and confu’e this new opposition.
Let the reader turn to Daniel 1., 1 and 2,
and he will find the following: In the
third year of the reign of Jehoiakim, King
of Judah, came Nevuchadnezzar, King of
Babylon, into Jerusalem and besieged it.”
A reference to this campaign has been
found in Babylonia. Inone of the curious.
looking mounds of that country was dis.
covered an inscription telling of an expedi
tion which Nebuchadnezzar conducted
against Syria, Palestine, and Egypt.
Daniel1.,2,in describing this attack, states
that Nebuchadnezzar carried off certain
holy vessels and brought them into the
treasury-house of his God,” The expres
sion '*his God” occurs elsewhere in the
Old Testament in referring to the deity of
Nebuchadnezzar, Some people have
branded this monotheistic expression
his God" as a palpable error, inasmuch
as the Babylonian kings did not worship
only one God, but were famed for the
multitude of their divinities, Skeptics
have said, “Here is a mistake. The
Hebrew writer, worshipping only one God,
could very naturally and properly speak
of ‘his God,” but he made a big blunder
in representing a Babylonian king as doing
aservicefor hisGod.’” Arecent discovery,
however, lets in a yay of light and com.
pletely vindicates the Old- Testament state.
ment, Its very true that Babylonian kings
were generally worshippers of many dei.
ties, but the inscriptions show that
Avbuchadnezzar was an exception, He was a
devotee of one special divinity, Merodach
and in his writings Nebuchadnezzar speaks
of Merodach as “his Lord,” “the God
who created him,” &e. His chief title is
Worshipper ot Merodach.” He speaks
of Merodach as ‘the chief of the Gods,”
“the God of Gods,” &c. On one of the
monuments of Nebuchadnezzar he says:
Merodach, the great Lord, has appointed
me to the empire of the world and has
confided to my care the far-spreading peo
ple of the earth,” All of the inscriptions
of the King end with a prayer to Mero.
dach, his great Lord, Thus we see that
while the expression, ‘‘his God,” would
bave been incorrect in connection with
any other Babylonian king, yet in the
case of Nebuchadnezzar it was entirely
accurate and aporopnate,
II. Chronicles, xxxvi., 7, says that
Nebuchadnezzar brought the treasures
into his temple at Babylon.” Reference to
this temple has been found in some of tho
recently resurrected inscriptions which
were written by Nebuchadnezzar him.
self. The King declares that he built for
his God, Merodash, a great temple at
Babylon. He oven describes the manner
in which he did the work.
DREAMS,
The Book of Daniel represents the Baby.
lonian and Assyrian kings as sttaching
much importance to dreams. accu.
racy of the Old Testament gu point
has recently been vip new
jaunptiots show that the hada
4s deity to whom od
favorable for 0 of
4 of the
hed. mm
Daniel iv., 80, read: great
elttan far tha Diapateh.!
3 Ui iy sgt pp EE Abed EN
it Abo odeating that Lh
On we 0! tablets he writes Li
built Babylonian temples.
ii h Ao seuins to have been the
liding 0 w 1
“The glen double wails of Babylon
built, Buttresses for embankments of
1ts diteh 1 compteted. ‘Iwo long embank.
ments with sgment and brick made, nnd
with the embankment which my fathor
bad made I Lied them. I strengthened
the oity. Across the river—[i. e. the
Euphrates, which ran throuzh Babylon
and along whose emptied banks Cyrus
on the night of Belshazzar's {east
was to rae conquering army} weit.
ward I built the wall of Babylon with
bfick.”
Mr. Rawlinson saya: Ho was one of the
most indefatigable of all the builders that
have left their mark upon the world, Ho
was the Augustus of Babylon, He found
it a perishing eity of unbaked clay, ne
left it one of durable burned brick.”
In Ezekiel xxv., 1-4, 15 found a starthng
probheey. It is the announcement that
the great city of Tyre would be destroyed
by Nebuchadnezzar, Even the manner of
the invasion 18 described in detail, While
‘no Babylonian inserintion has been found
whion shows that this prediction was ful.
filled, yet the records of Tyre mention
this terrible invasion by Nebuchadnezzar.
~The propnet Jeremiah also sounds a
doleinl note of waruing concerning the
great Nebuchadnezzer, In his Kzyptian ex
ile home he tells of coming disaster. Jere
muah xi, 8-13, reads; Then came the
Word of the Lord unto jeremiah, saying:
Behold, I will send and take Nebuchad.
nezzar, King of Babylon, tiv servant,
He shall swite the land of Egypt, and shall
deliver such as are tor death to death.”
Ezekiel also foretells this invasion, and his
praphery 19 recorded in two places—Eze
el xxix., 18, 19, and xzx., 10. But were
these prophecies ever literaily fulfilled?
Did this invasion ever occur? The
paces of history, let it be said, con
tain not a single reference to such a
campaign. Even Herodotus, when writing
125 years later, soems ignorant of any suc
occurrences, and consenently these Serip
ture passages have been held up by skep
tics as specimens of unfulfilled prophecies.
But their sneering lips have at last been
stopped by two witnesses who have the
greatest right to speak. The first word of
testimony comes from the land of Egypt,
An inscription found on a statue and writ
ton by a high official of the King tells of
an invasion from Asia, in which country
the Babylonian empire held the chief po
sition. The official record reads: have
caused to be made ready my statue;
my name will be made ready by means of
it: it will not perish in this temple, 1nas
much as took care of the house when it
wns injurod by the foreign hordes of
the Asiaticand the foreigners.” I'romtbis
inscription we learn that the tuva ler camo
from Asia. A recent discovery in Babylon
gives us the name of the invader. Upon a
tablet is found an inseription written by
King Nebuchadnezzar, in which he
addresses his god, Merodach, as fol.
lows: “My enemies thou usedst to
destroy in those days thou
madest my hands to capture, ete. In the
thirty-seventh year of Nebuchadnezzar,
king of the country (of Babylon) Nebu.
chadnezza to Eqyp! fo make war went, ete.”
Thus 1s rr the prophecy concern.
ing the Egyptian campaign of Nebuchad
NeZZAT.








Many have claimed that the narrative in
Daniel about the fiery furnace and the
three Hebrew children was a picture of
eruel barbarism which was never really
enacted, But once more the newly.resur.
rected testimony 11 Babylon is on the side
of the Bible. The inscriptions tell us that
in Babylonia this fiery form of punishment
was often applied to eriminals. On one of
the monuments of Assyria King Asur-bari.
pal writes of a punishment which had been
visited upon his brother, whom he had
made king of Babylon. He says: Saul
Mugina, my rebellious brother, who mada
war with me, tn the fierce, burning fur.
nace they threw him and destroyed his
life.” This same writer declares of another
criminal that over a furnace they placed
him and consumed him entirely.”

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Among the salt-water estuaries of the
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T il NOMINL
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ey Aide ig Bg
abode 3 8
ein and the Dle head of prox
old mansion was destroyed by Bri
18 1813 24 the command of
a, of Sho Jory. ah of Adtaurel
at So ad sh ond ars
S
Bae petrard se, ae sh gro

1
to the outer gate was a broad
avenve sot for a full auarter of
a mile with two rows of poplars
(P. Monilifera), which still stand as verita.
ble §leuts of their race, with their tower.
ing forms and wide-spreading arms over.
shadowing the grassy sod and roadway be
neath. He for whom the house was built
having died early, his son, of the same
name, who, from his long connection as a
member of the Council of State and resi.
dence in Williamsburg, was commonly
called Councillor Carter,” inhented it,
Uoinmsilor Carter was, despite oertain
marked eccentricities of character, a kind.
h cultured, and hospitable man, a
supporter of Christianity, patron of learn.
ne. and ardent friend of human liberty,
His humane and generous care of Selim,
the Algerine couvert, has been touchingly
told by the late Rev. Benjamin H. Rice in
his narrative of that strangely interesting
and unfortunate character. One of the
most useful preachers of the (Gospel who
labored in the Northern Neck
was educated by Mr. Carter's liberal as.
sistance: and his slaves, who might have
been counted by the hundred, were set at
liberty by a stroke ot N
cious hall of his residence wus for yon:
gpened to itinerant ministers of yb
and John Wesley Lavine So Lacing
there and enjoyed the hospitalities o
hose, wrote in his jo 1s impressions
ol Mr. 1] fg a Christian, a
agen
Joes were born here to Councillor Oar.
Taga) ate fami a
A FRIEND OF LIBERTY.

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